Kohinor 350Plant Protection Product ComparisonPlant Protection Product ComparisonReport inaccuraciesReport inaccuracies

For the control of various insect pests of cotton, fruit, vegetables, ornamentals and turf as a foliar spray and as a soil-applied treatment for the control of various canegrubs in sugarcane, certain pests in apples and citrus, and silverleaf whitefly in various vegetable crops and an injection treatment for control of certain pests in bananas as specified in the Directions for Use table.

DIRECTIONS FOR USE
RESTRAINTS:
DO NOT use on crops produced hydroponically or in glasshouses and other covered situations.
DO NOT apply KOHINOR 350 or any other Group 4A Insecticide as a foliar application after soil application or injection of KOHINOR 350 in that crop.
DO NOT apply more than one soil application of KOHINOR 350 or any other soil-applied Group 4A insecticide per crop for vegetables or sugarcane, per season for citrus or per two years for apples.
DO NOT apply more than one injection of KOHINOR 350 or any other Group 4A insecticide per crop for bananas.

SOIL APPLICATIONS

APPLES
Pest: Woolly Aphid (Eriosoma lanigerum)
Rate:
Chemical control: 3.5 mL / 1L water / tree
Beneficial insect plus chemical control: e.g. Aphelinus mali plus Kohinor 350 1.75 mL / 1L water / tree
Critical comments: For trees up to 7 years of age. During late summer or autumn, apple trees with woolly aphid colonies or damage should be identified and marked for treatment the following season. At green tip to petal fall, apply 1 litre of the prepared KOHINOR 350 mixture to moist soil immediately around the base of the tree trunk. Ensure the mixture infiltrates the soil around the trunk and does not run off the soil. Control weeds before application. DO NOT disturb or remove the soil around the trunk during the season. If aerial colonies are present at application, maximum effectiveness may not be achieved until the following season. DO NOT treat more than once in any 2 year period.

BANANAS
State: Nth Qld, NT, Nth WA only
Pest: Banana Rust Thrips (Chaetanaphothrips signipennis)
Rate: 2.5 or 3.5 mL / stool Inject undiluted or diluted 50:50 with water

Pest: Banana Weevil Borer (Cosmopolites sordidus)
Rate: 2.5 mL/stool Inject undiluted or diluted 50:50 with water

Critical comments: The higher rate may give improved control in some situations.
Application timing: DO NOT inject bunched plants. Select the best follower and inject into the base. DO NOT inject any follower more than once. Injection can occur at any time within 3 months after harvest of the mother plant or nurse-suckering.
To limit the risk of plant damage from injection, inject only those followers that are at least 1.5m tall to the throat of the plant.
Plants smaller than 1.5m tall to the throat can be treated but there is significant risk of plant injury from injection.
For application in plant bananas, the same minimum height requirement applies as above, plus the plant should be at a stage at least 3 months prior to bell emergence.
Application method:
Injection should occur 15 cm from the base of the plant at an off-centre, downward angle to a depth of 5 to 10 cm. DO NOT inject into the centre of the plant as this may result in plant death.
Injection should be conducted in a manner which ensures applied chemical is retained within the pseudostem. Irrigation or moderate to heavy or prolonged periods of rainfall may saturate the internal structure of the pseudostem, leading to “run-out” from injection holes. Allow sufficient time following irrigation and rainfall events, before application, to minimize such “run out”.
KOHINOR 350 should be used as part of an integrated pest management approach which should include the use of other measures for control of banana rust thrips, such as bell injection and bunch applications.
NOTE: Application during conditions conducive to banana spider mite may enhance population development. Under these conditions, continue to monitor mite populations following KOHINOR 350 application, taking appropriate action where thresholds are exceeded.

CAPSICUMS, CUCURBITS, EGGPLANT, SWEET POTATO, TOMATOES
Pest: Silverleaf Whitefly, including type B
Rate: 14 mL / 100 metres of row
Critical comments: Sub-surface trickle irrigation injection:
Apply once only 5-7 days after planting out (or 5-7 days from seed emergence if planted from seed). Begin injection only after water has reached the furthest drip points and soil is partially wetted up. After KOHINOR 350 injection is completed, continue irrigation only until lines are flushed, not longer than 1 hour. DO NOT apply KOHINOR 350 using surface trickle irrigation or any other type of above-ground irrigation system. Subsequent irrigations should occur only when soil moisture measurements indicate the need for addition of water. DO NOT over irrigate or cause run off. In situations where root development in the crop is slow, evidence of control may be delayed.

Pest: Silverleaf Whitefly, including type B
Rate: 14 mL / 100 metres of row (mix with sufficient water using at least 2L of spray mixture per 100 m row)
Critical comments: Furrow spray pre-plant
Apply to open furrow not earlier than 5 days prior to planting as a narrow band of spray centred under the plant row. DO NOT leave KOHINOR 350 exposed to sunlight. Sprayed soil should be covered immediately. After final shaping of the planting bed, the treated layer of soil should be approximately 100 mm below the soil surface. At planting steps should be taken to ensure workers do not contact treated soil.

CAPSICUMS, EGGPLANT, TOMATOES
Pest: Silverleaf Whitefly, including type B
Rate: 14 mL / 100 metres of row (mix with sufficient water to allow a constant volume of at least 50 mL of drench mixture per plant)
Critical comments: Plant hole drench
DO NOT apply KOHINOR 350 by this method where plant spacing along the row exceeds 60 cm. Apply the selected volume of rench mixture in the planting hole at planting or within 2 days after planting. Steps should be taken to ensure workers do not contact treated soil or drench mixture.

CITRUS
Pest: Black Citrus Aphid, Citrus Leaf Miner, Pink Wax Scale, Red Scale
Rate: 9 mL / tree Apply as a soil drench* OR via micro-sprinkler* or drip irrigation*
WHP: 20 weeks (H)
Critical comments: *Refer to Application directions under GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS for detailed information on application methods. Application via micro-sprinkler and drip application methods will give best results when used in conjunction with other control methods such as the release of beneficial species (e.g. parasitic wasps).
Treatment is only recommended for trees of up to 4 m in height.
Citrus leafminer, black citrus aphid: Apply KOHINOR 350 in late spring after main flowering has finished (October to December) prior to the summer or autumn flush. Apply prior to pest establishment or at the first signs of pest infestation.
Red scale, Pink wax scale: Monitor crop throughout late spring to early summer (October to December). If scale is observed, apply KOHINOR 350 after main flowering and prior to or at the onset of crawler emergence.
Multiple flowering and/or overlapping cropping: Where extended flowering and/or multiple flowering periods occur, e.g. lemons and limes, or if the previous season’s crop is still hanging on the tree during or at the end of a new season’s flowering (overlapping cropping) e.g. Valencia oranges.
KOHINOR 350 should only be applied:
- when there is a minimum of 20 weeks to the next harvest and
- according to the timing for specific pests described above and
- after the previous crop has been harvested or stripped out and
-when the main flowering period has finished.
DO NOT apply more than once per season.

SUGARCANE
(Plant cane)
Pest: Greyback Canegrub
Rate: 16 – 22 mL per 100 metres of cane row (equivalent to 1.05 – 1.44 L/ha for single row cane with 1.52 m spacing between rows)
WHP: 21 weeks (G or H)
Critical comments: Moderate - high pest pressure (2 or more grubs/stool expected)
August – November applications from planting to hilling-up.
Apply at planting, or at first working, or at half-open drill stage, or at fill-in or final hilling. Apply at final hilling only if sufficient soil cover can be applied. Use the high rate where heavy canegrub infestation is expected.
Apply in a narrow spray band in the planted row. Treated soil must be covered immediately. Refer to Application directions under GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS.

Pest: Greyback Canegrub
Rate: 11 mL per 100 metres of cane row (equivalent to 0.72 L/ha for single row cane with 1.52 m spacing between between rows)
WHP: 21 weeks (G or H)
Critical comments: Low pest pressure
(less than 2 grubs/stool expected)
September – November applications at fill-in and hilling-up only.
Apply at fill-in or final hilling only. Apply at final hilling only if sufficient soil cover can be applied. Apply in a narrow spray band in the planted row. Treated soil must be covered immediately. Refer to Application directions under GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS

(Ratoon Cane)
(All sugarcane areas)
Pest: Greyback Canegrub
Rate: 16 – 22 mL per 100 metres of cane row (equivalent to 1.05 – 1.44 L/ha for single row cane with 1.52 m spacing between rows)
WHP: 21 weeks (G or H)
Critical comments: Apply from September to November to fields which are at high risk of greyback grub damage. In areas where early flights of beetles occur, application should be early within this period. Late applications where large 3rd instar larvae dominate the grub population will not be as effective. Application should be made while stools are small enough to avoid excessive damage.
Use the high rate when high grub populations are expected, e.g. an average greater than 4 grubs per stool.
Apply only as a subsurface soil application behind coulters (refer to Application directions under GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS). Soil should have moisture at coulter depth at the time of application or should receive at least 15 mm of rainfall or irrigation within one week.
DO NOT leave KOHINOR 350 exposed to sunlight. After application ensure the KOHINOR 350 treated band is covered by at least 100 mm of soil and that coulter slits are filled in completely.
DO NOT apply more than once per season.

Pest: French’s Canegrub
Rate: 16 – 22 mL per 100 metres of cane row (equivalent to 1.05 – 1.44 L/ha for single row cane with 1.52 m spacing between rows)
WHP: 21 weeks (G or H)

Pest: Negatoria Canegrub
Rate: 11 – 16 mL per 100 metres of cane row (equivalent to 0.72 – 1.05 L/ha for single row cane with 1.52 m spacing between between rows)
WHP: 21 weeks (G or H)

Critical comments: Begin monitoring for the presence of grubs in September, and continue to monitor at regular intervals. Apply KOHINOR 350 immediately if grub numbers have reached an economic threshold (about 3 grubs per stool). Early applications are more effective than later ones. DO NOT apply any later than November.
Use the high rate when grub populations are high, e.g. an average greater than 5 grubs per stool, or if application is late (damage already visible). Apply only as a subsurface soil application behind coulters (refer to Application directions under GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS).

(Ratoon Cane)
Southern Qld (Bundaberg and south) and NSW only
Pest: Childers Canegrub, Plectris Canegrub, Rhopaea Canegrub, Southern One-Year Canegrub
Rate: 11 – 16 mL per 100 metres of cane row (equivalent to 0.72 – 1.05 L/ha for single row cane with 1.52 m spacing between between rows)
WHP: 21 weeks (G or H)
Critical comments: Begin monitoring for the presence of grubs in September (December for southern one-year canegrub) and continue to monitor at regular intervals. Apply KOHINOR 350 immediately if grub numbers reach an economic threshold (e.g. 3 - 4 grubs per stool). Early applications are more effective than later ones.
Use the high rate when grub populations are high, e.g., an average greater than 5 grubs per stool or if application is late (damage already visible). Apply only as a subsurface soil application behind coulters (refer to Application directions under GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS).

FOLIAR APPLICATIONS

BRASSICAS
Pest: Grey Cabbage Aphid, Turnip Aphid
Rate: 15 mL / 100 L or 170 mL / ha
WHP: 7 days
Critical comments: Apply at first sign of aphid infestation. Add a wetting agent.

CAPSICUM
Pest: Green Peach Aphid
Rate: 15 mL / 100 L or 170 mL / ha
WHP: 7 days
Critical comments: Apply at first sign of aphid infestation.

COTTON
Pest: Aphids
Rate: 145 mL / ha PLUS organosilicone adjuvant at recommended rate
WHP: 13 weeks
Critical comments: The addition of an organosilicone adjuvant is critical for the performance of KOHINOR 350. Apply early in the establishment of an aphid infestation when numbers are low (i.e. no more than 1 or 2 leaves per plant with honeydew present). Applications made later than this may result in reduced control. Shorter residual control may be evident and a repeat application of a registered aphicide (follow the Cotton Insecticide Resistance Management Strategy for cotton aphid) may be required to achieve complete control.
- If applications of KOHINOR 350 plus organosilicone adjuvant are timed too late (see above); or,
- if existing high density aphid colonies (hotspots) are present, or;
- if aphids have established throughout the plant canopy (especially lower in the canopy); or
-if there is high reinfestation pressure; or
-if there is rapid crop growth; or
-if KOHINOR 350 plus organosilicone adjuvant is used following a spray failure (e.g. resistance to organophosphate or carbamate insecticides).
Note: where resistance to carbamates or organophosphates is suspected, KOHINOR 350 plus organosilicone adjuvant should be used first so as not to delay control of the aphids present.
Aphids treated with KOHINOR 350 plus organosilicone adjuvant may still be present on the plant but will not be feeding. Control of aphids should initially be assessed by a reduction in fresh honeydew and not on the presence of aphids on the plant. After ingesting KOHINOR 350, aphids may take up to five days to die.

Pest: Mirids, Brown Flea Beetle
Rate: 145 mL / ha + organosilicone adjuvant at recommended rate
WHP: 13 weeks
Critical comments: Apply when pest numbers reach treatment threshold levels as determined by field checks.

CUCUMBER
Pest: Silverleaf Whitefly including type B
Rate: 15 mL / 100 L or 145 mL / ha
WHP: 1 day
Critical comments: Apply at first sign of whitefly infestation. Apply dilute sprays (15 mL/100L) to run off. Ensure thorough coverage of underside of leaves. Use of droppers will improve coverage of underside of leaves.

CUCURBITS
Pest: Green Peach Aphid
Rate: 15 mL / 100 L or 170 mL / ha
WHP: 1 day
Critical comments: Apply at first sign of whitefly infestation. Apply dilute sprays (15 mL/100L) to run off. Ensure thorough coverage of underside of leaves. Use of droppers will improve coverage of underside of leaves.

EGGPLANT
Pest: Green Peach Aphid
Rate: 15 mL / 100 L or 170 mL / ha
WHP: 7 days
Critical comments: Apply at first sign of aphid infestation.

Pest: Melon Thrips
Rate: 15 mL / 100 L or 145 mL / ha
WHP: 7 days
Critical comments: Apply at first sign of melon thrips infestation.
Apply dilute sprays (15 mL/100L) to run off. Ensure thorough coverage of underside of leaves. Use of droppers will improve coverage of underside of leaves.

POTATO
Pest: Green Peach Aphid
Rate: 15 mL / 100L or 170 mL/ha
WHP: 7 days
Critical comments: Apply at first sign of aphid infestation.

STONE FRUIT
Pest: Green Peach Aphid, Black Peach Aphid
Rate:
Dilute spraying: 15 mL / 100L
Concentrate spraying: Refer to mixing / application section
WHP: 21 days
Critical comments: Apply at first sign of aphid infestation. Apply as a full cover spray, ensuring thorough coverage. Apply by dilute or concentrate spraying equipment. Apply the same total amount of product to the target crop whether applying this product by dilute or concentrate spraying methods.
DO NOT use in equipment that requires rates greater than 75 mL / 100L water (i.e. greater than 5 X concentrate).

SWEET POTATO
Pest: Silverleaf Whitefly including type B
Rate: 15 mL / 100L or 145 mL / ha
WHP: 7 days
Critical comments: Apply at first sign of whitefly infestation. Apply dilute sprays (15 mL/100L) to run off. Ensure thorough coverage of underside of leaves. Use of droppers will improve coverage of underside of leaves.

TOMATO
Pest: Green Peach Aphid
Rate: 15 mL / 100L or 170 mL / ha
WHP: 3 days
Critical comments: Apply at first sign of aphid infestation.

NOT TO BE USED FOR ANY PURPOSE, OR IN ANY MANNER, CONTRARY TO THIS LABEL UNLESS AUTHORISED UNDER APPROPRIATE LEGISLATION

WITHHOLDING PERIODS (WHP):
Harvest (H):
BRASSICAS, CAPSICUM, EGGPLANT, POTATOES, SWEET POTATOES (FOLIAR): DO NOT HARVEST FOR 7 DAYS AFTER APPLICATION.
CITRUS: DO NOT HARVEST FOR 20 WEEKS AFTER APPLICATION.
COTTON: DO NOT HARVEST FOR 13 WEEKS AFTER APPLICATION
CUCURBITS (FOLIAR): DO NOT HARVEST FOR 1 DAY AFTER APPLICATION
STONE FRUIT: (FOLIAR): DO NOT HARVEST FOR 21 DAYS AFTER APPLICATION.
SUGARCANE: DO NOT HARVEST FOR 21 WEEKS AFTER APPLICATION.
TOMATOES (FOLIAR): DO NOT HARVEST FOR 3 DAYS AFTER APPLICATION.
ALL OTHER CROPS: NOT REQUIRED WHEN USED AS DIRECTED
Grazing (G): SUGARCANE: DO NOT GRAZE OR CUT FOR STOCKFEED FOR 21 WEEKS AFTER APPLICATION.
EXCEPT FOR SUGARCANE, DO NOT GRAZE ANY TREATED AREA, OR CUT FOR STOCK FOOD OR FEED PRODUCE HARVESTED FROM TREATED AREA TO ANIMALS, INCLUDING POULTRY.

GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS
For insecticide resistance
management, KOHINOR 350 is a Group 4A insecticide. Some naturally occurring insect biotypes resistant to KOHINOR 350 and other Group 4A insecticides may exist through normal genetic variability in any insect population. The resistant individuals can eventually dominate the insect population if KOHINOR 350 and other Group 4A insecticides are used repeatedly. The effectiveness of KOHINOR 350 on resistant individuals could be significantly reduced. Since the occurrence of resistant individuals is difficult to detect prior to use, Farmoz Pty. Ltd. accepts no liability for any losses that may result from the failure of KOHINOR 350 to control resistant insects. KOHINOR 350 may be subject to specific resistance management strategies. For further information contact your local supplier, Farmoz Pty. Ltd. representative or local agricultural departmental agronomist.

NOTE FOR VEGETABLE CROPS
POTENTIAL MIGRATION OF SILVERLEAF WHITEFLY FROM NEIGHBOURING CROPS: Adult silverleaf whitefly (SLWF) populations are controlled when they ingest a lethal dose of active ingredient by feeding on a KOHINOR 350-treated crop. In some very susceptible crops and varieties however, the migration of large populations of adults from adjacent fields may result in significant feeding damage to the crop, although further reproduction and development of the pest will be prevented. To help prevent such damage it is important to minimise the migration of adult SLWF into a treated crop, e.g. by applying a “clean-up” fast-acting insecticide to recently harvested crops. Consideration of factors such as planting sequences and timing, wind direction, variety selection and general crop hygiene should also be integral to SLWF management. Crops should also be monitored for SLWF adult numbers after application of KOHINOR 350 and appropriate fast-acting insecticides for control of adults should be applied if economic thresholds are reached or excessive adult feeding damage is observed.

NOTE ON ORNAMENTALS
KOHINOR 350 has been used on a wide range of ornamental plant species without damage. Some species and varieties however are particularly sensitive to chemical sprays and as this sensitivity is often related to local conditions it is advisable to treat only a small number of plants first, in order to ascertain their reaction before treating the whole crop.

EXPORT OF TREATED PRODUCE
Growers should note that MRLs or import tolerances do not exist in all markets for edible produce treated with KOHINOR 350. If you are growing edible produce for export, please check with Farmoz Pty. Ltd. for the latest information on MRLs and import tolerances before using KOHINOR 350.

MIXING
Prior to pouring, shake container vigorously, then add the required quantity of KOHINOR 350 to water in the spray tank while stirring or with agitators in motion. KOHINOR 350 requires constant agitation in the tank. RESISTANCE MANAGEMENT STRATEGY
Vegetables: DO NOT apply more than one soil application of KOHINOR 350 to each crop. DO NOT use KOHINOR 350 or any other Group 4A insecticide as a foliar spray after soil application of KOHINOR 350 in that crop. Refer to district advice for local silverleaf whitefly resistance management strategies.
Cotton Aphid in Cotton: Observe the cotton industry Insecticide Resistance Management Strategy (IRMS).
Aphids, whitefly and melon thrips in various crops: DO NOT apply KOHINOR 350 (or other Group 4A insecticides) in consecutive sprays within and between seasons. Rotate with registered insecticides from other mode of action groups.
DO NOT apply more than one soil application of KOHINOR 350 to each crop.
Confined environments such as glasshouses:
Annuals: DO NOT apply more than one spray of KOHINOR 350 (or other Group 4A insecticides) to any one crop.
Perennials: Rotate with registered insecticides from other groups. Use a maximum of three KOHINOR 350 (or other Group 4A insecticides) sprays in any 12 month period.

APPLICATION (Stone Fruit)
Dilute spraying: Use a sprayer designed to apply high volumes of water up to the point of run-off and matched to the crop being sprayed.
Set up and operate the sprayer to achieve even coverage throughout the crop canopy. Apply sufficient water to cover the crop to the point of run off. Avoid excess run off.
The required water volume may be determined by applying different test volumes using different settings on the sprayer, from industry guidelines or expert advice.
Add the amount of product specified in the Directions for Use table for each 100 L of water. Spray to the point of runoff.
The required dilute spray volume will change and the sprayer set up and operation may also need to be changed as the crop grows.
Concentrate spraying: Use a sprayer designed and set up for concentrate spraying (that is, a sprayer which applies water volumes less than those required to reach the point of run off) and matched to the crop being sprayed.
Set up and operate the sprayer to achieve even coverage throughout the crop canopy using your chosen water volume.
Determine an appropriate dilute spray volume (See Dilute Spraying above) for the crop canopy. This information is needed to calculate the concentrate mixing rate.
The mixing rate for concentrate spraying may then be calculated in the following way.
Example only:
1. Dilute spray volume as determined above. For example 1500 L/ha.
2. Your chosen concentrate spray volume. For example 500 L/ha
3. The concentration factor in this example is: 3X (i.e. 1500L ÷ 500L = 3)
4. As the dilute label rate is 15 mL/100L for stone fruit, then the concentrate rate becomes 3 x 15, i.e. 45 mL/100L concentrate spray.
The chosen spray volume, amount of product per 100L of water and the sprayer set up and operation may need to be changed as the crop grows.
DO NOT use a concentrate rate higher than that specified in the Critical Comments.
For further information on concentrate spraying, users are advised to consult relevant industry guidelines, undertake appropriate competency training and follow industry Best Practices.

APPLICATION (Citrus)
Ensure treatment area below canopy is weed free prior to application and remains weed free throughout season, otherwise reduced control will occur.
Soil Drench: Apply KOHINOR 350 in a water mix using 1 L water per tree. Apply evenly to moist soil immediately around the base of the tree trunk to a maximum trunk height of 20 cm. Ensure the mixture infiltrates the soil around the trunk and does not run off the soil. DO NOT disturb or remove the treated soil around the trunk during the season. Irrigation for up to one hour (depending on soil type).
Immediately after a soil drench application is preferred but not essential.
DO NOT leave KOHINOR 350 mixture exposed to sunlight.
Drip or micro-sprinklers (below canopy): For treatment under non-bearing trees, application via micro-sprinklers is not recommended and the Critical Comments in the Directions for Use table should be consulted for further guidance on application via drip/trickle. Drip emitters placed under the tree canopy or near the trunk provide better results than those spaced irregularly or further from the tree. Micro-sprinklers should only be used when the wetting zone can be contained beneath the tree canopy, especially in young orchards where there is minimal canopy and root development. Begin injection only after soil below the trees furthest from the injection point is partially wetted up and irrigation system has reached operating pressure. After KOHINOR 350 is completed, and lines have been flushed continue irrigation for no longer than one hour. On sandy soils, this irrigation period after lines have been flushed should not be more than 10 minutes. Allow 48 hours before subsequent irrigations. This application technique is best suited to an IPM system where beneficial species (e.g. parasitic wasps) are released. DO NOT disturb or remove the treated soil during the season. DO NOT leave KOHINOR 350 mixture exposed to sunlight.

APPLICATION (Cotton)
Thorough coverage of cotton plants is essential to achieve maximum performance from KOHINOR 350 plus organosilocone adjuvant. Equipment should be calibrated to achieve a minimum of 60 droplets/cm2 on the target foliage. A droplet Volume Median Diameter (VMD) for optimum performance from KOHINOR 350 plus organosilocone adjuvant is dependent on equipment and is defined below. DO NOT apply when unfavourable environmental conditions may reduce the quality of spray coverage.
Ground Application: Application using ground equipment should be made using hollow cone nozzles with minimum spray volume of 100 L/ha. Hollow cone nozzles are recommended but if flat fan nozzles are used, higher water volumes will be required and nozzles should be configured to ensure thorough coverage. A droplet VMD of 150 – 180 microns must be used. Where multiple nozzles per row are used, they should be of the same specification to ensure that each nozzle contributes an equal proportion of the required dose. Where multiple nozzles per row are used (particularly for banded applications) ensure the correct nozzle overlap pattern is achieved on the target foliage. Banded applications less than 100% are not recommended
beyond the 15 node crop stage.
Aerial application: Apply in a minimum spray volume of 25 L/ha. A droplet VMD of 120-150 microns must be used. DO NOT exaggerate swath width or exceed a swath width of 20 to 22 m. DO NOT apply KOHINOR 350 plus organosilicone adjuvant using Ultra Low Volume (ULV) methods. The use of large droplet placement equipment is not recommended.

APPLICATION (Sugarcane)
Plant cane: Application can occur at various stages from planting until hilling up as described below. KOHINOR 350 should be applied into the plant drill in a narrow band centred on the cane row. Mix KOHINOR 350 with water and spray the mixture into the cane drill as a narrow 50-100 mm wide band in the middle of the drill. Apply in no less than 1.5 litres of water per 100 metres of cane row (equivalent to no less than 100 L/ha of water for single row cane with 1.52m spacing between rows). Adjust the application equipment so that the treated band of soil is at least 50 mm above the level of the setts in the soil, and is immediately covered by at least 50 mm more soil on top of that layer. There should be at least 100 mm of soil cover over the treated layer after the final cultivation or hilling-up operation. This placement of the spray band can be achieved in several ways. Not all application methods are suited to every circumstance. Application at planting is not recommended for control of greyback canegrubs in situations where very deep planting is practised.

At planting
Fix a spray nozzle or nozzles on the planter so that the KOHINOR 350 spray band is directed at soil just after it covers the setts to a depth of at least 50 mm. The boards on the planter need to be adjusted so that at least another 50 mm of soil comes over the top of the treated band of soil. Subsequent cutaway cultivations must not disturb soil to the depth of the treated band.

At first working, or at half-open drill, or at fill-in
Apply KOHINOR 350 as a spray band 50-100mm wide directed at the base of the young cane shoots so that the middle of the drill is treated, not the sides. A single nozzle per row or a directed nozzle each side of each row may achieve this. The treated band must be covered with at least 50 mm of soil immediately. Subsequent cultivations must not disturb soil to the depth of the treated band. There should be at least 100 mm of soil cover over the treated layer after the final cultivation or hilling-up operation.

At hilling-up
Apply KOHINOR 350 as twin narrow spray bands 50 mm wide on each side of the cane rows directed at the base of the young cane shoots. Directed nozzles each side of each row may achieve this. Direct the spray nozzles to ensure that the spray is not blocked by cane shoots or leaves. The treated bands must be covered with at least 100 mm of soil immediately as the final step in the shaping of the row profile.

Ratoon Cane
Apply only as a subsurface soil application. Apply in no less than 1.5 litres of water per 100 m of cane row (equivalent to no less that 100 L/ha of water for single row cane with 1.52 m spacing between rows). Soil should have moisture at coulter depth at the time of application or should receive at least 15 mm of rainfall or irrigation within 1 week. DO NOT leave KOHINOR 350 exposed to sunlight. After application ensure the KOHINOR 350 treated band is covered by at least 100 mm of soil and that coulter slits are filled in completely.

Twin coulter method: Apply subsurface behind twin coulters to a depth of 100 – 125 mm. Coulters should be spaced 220 mm to 500 mm apart, with one coulter on either side of the centre of the stool. Coulter slits should be in the sides or top of the stool mound rather than at the base. Narrow spacings may not be possible with advanced ratoon growth. DO NOT apply using narrow spacings if ratoon growth is advanced such that excessive crop damage from equipment may result.

Single coulter method (“stool split”): Apply subsurface behind a single coulter in the centre of the stool. DO NOT apply using this method if ratoon growth is advanced such that excessive crop damage from equipment may result. This method is not suitable for all areas. Before using this method, consult your FARMOZ Representative.

PRECAUTION
Application in bananas: Ensure application equipment does not leak.
To reduce the risk of exposure from accidental leakage wear gloves during application.
APPLES, BANANAS, TURF AND VEGETABLES
Refer to instructions in Critical Comments for each application method.

COMPATIBILITY
As formulations of other manufacturers’ products are beyond the control of Farmoz Pty. Ltd., all mixtures should be tested prior to mixing commercial quantities. As changes in climatic conditions may alter the sensitivity of plants to mixtures of sprays, Farmoz Pty. Ltd. cannot be responsible for the behaviour of such mixtures.