Sorghum midge

Contarinia sorghicola

Description:

Contarinia sorghicola, commonly known as Sorghum Midge, is a significant pest that infests sorghum crops, causing damage during the flowering stage.

Detailed Appearance:

  • Size: Adult midges are small, measuring about 1.5 to 2 mm (0.06 to 0.08 inches) in length.
  • Color: Generally orange to reddish-brown.
  • Features: Slender body with long antennae and distinctive wing markings.

Life Cycle:

  • Egg Stage: Eggs are laid within sorghum flower heads.
  • Larva Stage: Larvae feed on developing florets within the sorghum head.
  • Pupa Stage: Pupation occurs within the sorghum head.
  • Adult Stage: Adult midges emerge, and the life cycle continues.

Identification of Crop Infestation:

  • Damaged Sorghum Heads: Presence of larvae within developing sorghum heads.
  • Deformed Seeds: Feeding damage by larvae results in deformed or damaged seeds.
  • Stunted Panicles: Severe infestations may lead to stunted or distorted sorghum panicles.

Management Strategies:

  • Early Planting:

    • Plant sorghum early to avoid peak midge activity during flowering.
    • Utilize early maturing sorghum varieties.

  • Insecticidal Seed Treatment:

    • Use insecticidal seed treatments to protect developing sorghum heads.
    • Follow recommended guidelines for application.

  • Monitoring:

    • Regularly monitor sorghum fields during the flowering period for midge activity.
    • Employ pheromone traps to detect and monitor midge populations.

  • Biological Control:

    • Encourage natural predators such as parasitoid wasps.
    • Maintain a diverse ecosystem in and around sorghum fields.

  • Chemical Control:

    • Apply insecticides if midge populations exceed economic thresholds.
    • Time applications to coincide with peak midge activity during flowering.

Note: Integrated pest management (IPM) practices, combining various strategies, are effective in controlling Sorghum Midge infestations. Regular monitoring and early intervention are crucial for successful pest management. Always follow recommended guidelines and consult with local agricultural experts for site-specific recommendations.

Produtos fitofarmacêuticos