CarambaPlant Protection Product ComparisonPlant Protection Product ComparisonReport inaccuraciesReport inaccuracies

LIQUID
Broad spectrum fungicide for use in cereals, corn, soybeans and sugar beets


GENERAL INFORMATION
This package contains CARAMBA Fungicide, a 90 g/L emsulfiable concentrate. The active ingredient in CARAMBA Fungicide belongs to the triazole class of fungicides. The mode of action of metconazole is inhibition of erosterol biosynthesis.


DIRECTIONS FOR USE (See specific sections for each crop group)
As this product is not registered for the control of pests in aquatic systems, DO NOT use to control aquatic pests.
DO NOT contaminate irrigation or drinking water supplies or aquatic habitats by cleaning of equipment or disposal of wastes.

Field sprayer application
DO NOT apply during periods of dead calm. Avoid application of this product when winds are gusty. DO NOT apply with spray droplets smaller than the American Society of Agricultural Engineers (ASAE S572.1) medium classification. Boom height must be 60 cm or less above the crop or ground.

Aerial application
DO NOT apply during periods of dead calm. Avoid application of this product when winds are gusty. DO NOT apply when wind speed is greater than 16 km/h at flying height at the site of application. DO NOT apply with spray droplets smaller than the American Society of Agricultural Engineers (ASAE S572.1) medium classification. To reduce drift caused by turbulent wingtip vortices, the nozzle distribution along the spray boom length MUST NOT exceed 65% of the wing- or rotorspan.

Buffer zones
Use of the following spray methods or equipment DO NOT require a buffer zone: hand-held or backpack sprayer and spot treatment.
The buffer zones specified in the table below are required between the point of direct application and the closest downwind edge of sensitive terrestrial habitats (such as grasslands, forested areas, shelter belts, woodlots, hedgerows, riparian areas and shrublands), sensitive freshwater habitats (such as lakes, rivers, sloughs, ponds, prairie potholes, creeks, marshes, streams, reservoirs and wetlands) and estuarine/marine habitats.

Method of application – Field sprayer
Crop – Wheat, barley, oats, rye, triticale, corn
Buffer Zones (metres) Required for the Protection of:
Freshwater Habitat of Depths:
Less than 1 m – 1
Greater than 1 m – 1
Estuarine/Marine Habitat of Depths:
Less than 1 m – 0
Greater than 1 m – 0
Terrestrial Habitats: 0

Method of application – Field sprayer
Crop – Soybeans
Buffer Zones (metres) Required for the Protection of:
Freshwater Habitat of Depths:
Less than 1 m – 1
Greater than 1 m – 1
Estuarine/Marine Habitat of Depths:
Less than 1 m – 0
Greater than 1 m – 0
Terrestrial Habitats: 1

Method of application – Field sprayer
Crop – Sugar beets
Buffer Zones (metres) Required for the Protection of:
Freshwater Habitat of Depths:
Less than 1 m – 2
Greater than 1 m – 1
Estuarine/Marine Habitat of Depths:
Less than 1 m – 1
Greater than 1 m – 0
Terrestrial Habitats: 1

Method of application – Aerial (fixed wing)
Crop – Triticale
Buffer Zones (metres) Required for the Protection of:
Freshwater Habitat of Depths:
Less than 1 m – 10
Greater than 1 m – 1
Estuarine/Marine Habitat of Depths:
Less than 1 m – 1
Greater than 1 m – 1
Terrestrial Habitats: 1

Method of application – Aerial (rotary wing)
Crop – Triticale
Buffer Zones (metres) Required for the Protection of:
Freshwater Habitat of Depths:
Less than 1 m – 10
Greater than 1 m – 1
Estuarine/Marine Habitat of Depths:
Less than 1 m – 0
Greater than 1 m – 0
Terrestrial Habitats: 0

Method of application – Aerial (fixed wing)
Crop – Wheat, barley, oats, rye, corn
Buffer Zones (metres) Required for the Protection of:
Freshwater Habitat of Depths:
Less than 1 m – 15
Greater than 1 m – 1
Estuarine/Marine Habitat of Depths:
Less than 1 m – 0
Greater than 1 m – 0
Terrestrial Habitats: 0

Method of application – Aerial (rotary wing)
Crop – Wheat, barley, oats, rye, corn
Buffer Zones (metres) Required for the Protection of:
Freshwater Habitat of Depths:
Less than 1 m – 15
Greater than 1 m – 1
Estuarine/Marine Habitat of Depths:
Less than 1 m – 0
Greater than 1 m – 0
Terrestrial Habitats: 0

Method of application – Aerial (fixed wing)
Crop – Soybeans
Buffer Zones (metres) Required for the Protection of:
Freshwater Habitat of Depths:
Less than 1 m – 20
Greater than 1 m – 1
Estuarine/Marine Habitat of Depths:
Less than 1 m – 0
Greater than 1 m – 0
Terrestrial Habitats: 10

Method of application – Aerial (rotary wing)
Crop – Soybeans
Buffer Zones (metres) Required for the Protection of:
Freshwater Habitat of Depths:
Less than 1 m – 15
Greater than 1 m – 1
Estuarine/Marine Habitat of Depths:
Less than 1 m – 0
Greater than 1 m – 0
Terrestrial Habitats: 10

Method of application – Aerial (fixed wing)
Crop – Sugar beets
Buffer Zones (metres) Required for the Protection of:
Freshwater Habitat of Depths:
Less than 1 m – 50
Greater than 1 m – 1
Estuarine/Marine Habitat of Depths:
Less than 1 m – 1
Greater than 1 m – 0
Terrestrial Habitats: 15

Method of application – Aerial (rotary wing)
Crop – Sugar beets
Buffer Zones (metres) Required for the Protection of:
Freshwater Habitat of Depths:
Less than 1 m – 40
Greater than 1 m – 1
Estuarine/Marine Habitat of Depths:
Less than 1 m – 1
Greater than 1 m – 0
Terrestrial Habitats: 15

For tank mixes, consult the labels of the tank-mix partners and observe the largest (most restrictive) buffer zone of the products involved in the tank mixture and apply using the coarsest spray (ASAE) category indicated on the labels for those tank mix partners.
The buffer zones for this product can be modified based on weather conditions and spray equipment configuration by accessing the Buffer Zone Calculator on the Pest Management Regulatory Agency web site.
Apply recommended rates of CARAMBA Fungicide as instructed by the following crop application rate tables. Apply CARAMBA Fungicide with ground or aerial spray equipment. Equipment should be checked frequently for proper calibration.


Cereals Application Rate Table (Ground and aerial application)
Crop – Barley
Disease – For control of: Net blotch (Pyrenophora teres); Scald (Rhynchosporium secalis); Leaf rust (Puccinia hordel); Stripe rust (Puccinia striiformis); Powdery mildew (Erysiphe graminis). For suppression of: Spot blotch (Cochliobolus sativus)
Application Rate (L/ha) – 0.5 – 0.7

Crop – Wheat (all types) Triticale
Disease – For control of: Tan spot (Pyrenophora tritici-repentis); Septoria leaf spot (Septoria tritici or S. nodorum); Leaf rust (Puccinia recondita); Stripe rust (Puccinia striiformis); Stem rust (Puccinia graminis); Powdery mildew (Erysiphe graminis f. sp. tritici); Septoria glume blotch (Stagonospora nodorum). For suppression of: Spot blotch (Cochliobolus sativus)
Application Rate (L/ha) – 0.5 – 0.7

Crop – Oats
Disease – For control of: Crown rust (Puccinia coronata); Septoria leaf blotch (Septoria avenae)
Application Rate (L/ha) – 0.5 – 0.7

Crop – Rye
Disease – For control of: Leaf rust (Puccinia recondita); Stripe rust (Puccinia striiformis); Powdery mildew (Erysiphe graminis)
Application Rate (L/ha) – 0.5 – 0.7

Crop – Barley, oats, rye, wheat
Disease – For suppression of Fusarium head blight (Fusarium graminearum). Application of CARAMBA Fungicide at the timing for Fusarium head blight will control or suppress leaf diseases (spot blotch, leaf rust) that occur later in the season.
Application Rate (L/ha) – 1.0

Application Directions
Control or Suppression of Leaf Diseases in Cereals
For optimal disease control or suppression, apply CARAMBA Fungicide prior to disease development or at the onset of disease symptoms. Use 0.5 – 0.7 L/ha of CARAMBA Fungicide for control or suppression of leaf disease.
Apply higher rate if weather conditions are conducive for disease development.
Suppression of Fusarium Head Blight in Cereals
The risk of fusarium head blight (FHB) in cereals is greater when the weather is warm and wet at head emergence and flowering. The application of CARAMBA Fungicide for suppression of FHB should be considered when these environmental conditions are forecasted.
To maximize yield and suppress FHB, apply CARAMBA Fungicide at a rate of 1 L/ha to wheat, oats, and rye when crops are at 20% flowering (GS 61-63) using sprayer nozzles configured to provide excellent coverage of the cereal head. For barley, apply CARAMBA Fungicide at a rate of 1 L/ha between full head emergence to up to 3 days after full emergence of main stem heads. Application of CARAMBA Fungicide will reduce the Fusarium toxin (DON) in harvested grain. Application of CARAMBA Fungicide at the timing for FHB will control or suppress leaf diseases (crown rust, septoria leaf blotch) that occur later in the season. Application at this timing is not intended to provide curative control or suppression of established leaf diseases.
DO NOT make more than one (1) application of CARAMBA Fungicide per season.


Corn Application Rate Table (Ground and aerial application)
Crop – Corn; Field corn, pop corn, sweet corn, seed production corn
Disease – For suppression of fusarium and gibberella ear rots (Fusarium graminearum and Gibberella zeae)
Application Rate (L/ha) – 1.0

Application Directions
Suppression of Fusarium and Gibberella ear rots in Corn
The risk of fusarium and gibberella ear rots in corn is greater when the weather is warm and wet during silking. The application of CARAMBA Fungicide for suppression of fusarium and gibberella ear rots should be considered when these environmental conditions are forecasted.
To maximize yield and suppress fusarium and gibberella ear rots, apply CARAMBA Fungicide at a rate of 1 L/ha to corn when the crop is between silking (GS 63) and silk browning (GS 67). Application of CARAMBA Fungicide will reduce the fusarium toxin (DON) in harvested grain.
DO NOT make more than one (1) application of CARAMBA Fungicide per season.
Spray coverage: It is important to have good spray coverage on the silks to ensure optimum efficacy.


Soybeans Application Rate Table (Ground and aerial application)
Crop - Soybeans
Disease - For control of Asian soybean rust (Phakopsora pachyrhizi)
Application Rate (L/ha) - 0.70

Application Directions
CARAMBA Fungicide can be applied from vegetative through full seed (R6 stage) soybeans. For optimal soybean rust control, make initial application of CARAMBA Fungicide between early flowering and pod set (R1 and R3 growth stage), or prior to rust development. If environmental conditions favor continued rust development or if monitoring shows active rust symptoms, repeat application 10-21 days after the first application. Use the shorter interval when rust pressure is high.
DO NOT add an adjuvant or surfactant.
ADVERSE EFFECTS: CARAMBA Fungicide can cause foliar chlorosis when applied to soybeans that are already highly stressed from drought, heat, and ground compaction.
Management of Asian Soybean Rust
If Asian soybean rust spores are present in the area, soybeans may be infected even if symptoms are not present. Once Asian soybean rust is established (infection level greater than 3-5%) on the soybean plant, control is difficult to achieve with a curative approach.
Resistance Management
To limit the potential for development of resistance, DO NOT make more than two (2) applications of CARAMBA Fungicide or other DMI (Group 3) fungicides per season.


Sugar Beet Application Rate Table (Ground and Aerial Application)
Crop - Sugar beets
Disease - For control of Cercospora leaf spot (Cercospora beticola)
Application Rate (L/ha) - 1.0 – 1.25

Application Directions
Apply CARAMBA Fungicide at 1.0 – 1.25 L/ha prior to disease development or at the onset of disease to control cercospora leaf spot. Use the higher rate when disease pressure is high. If necessary, reapply on a 14-day schedule to a maximum of two (2) applications.
Do not make more than two (2) applications of CARAMBA Fungicide before alternating to a fungicide with a different mode of action.


Ground Application
Apply CARAMBA Fungicide at rates listed in application rate and timing table (crop specific) when conditions are favourable for the development of disease. Use a minimum water volume of 100 L/ha. Ensure thorough coverage of foliage. Consult nozzle manufacturers recommendation for spray pressures for specific nozzles.

Aerial Application
Apply CARAMBA Fungicide at rates listed in the application rate and timing tables (crop specific) when conditions are favourable for the development of disease. Use a minimum water volume of 50 L/ha. Ensure thorough coverage of foliage. Consult nozzle manufacturers recommendation for spray pressures for specific nozzles.

Instructions for Aerial Applications
Apply only by fixed-wing or rotary aircraft equipment which has been functionally and operationally calibrated for the atmospheric conditions of the area and the application rates and conditions of this label.
Label rates, conditions and precautions are product specific. Read and understand the entire label before opening this product. Apply only at the rate recommended for aerial application on this label. Where no rate for aerial application appears for the specific use, this product cannot be applied by any type of aerial equipment.
Ensure uniform application. To avoid streaked, uneven or overlapped application, use appropriate marking devices.

Use Precautions
Apply only when meteorological conditions at the treatment site allow for complete and even crop coverage. Apply only under conditions of good practice specific to aerial application as outlined in the National Aerial Pesticide Application Manual, developed by the Federal/Provincial/Territorial Committee on Pest Management and Pesticides.
Do not apply to any body of water. Avoid drifting of spray onto any body of water or other non-target areas. Specified buffer zones should be observed.
Coarse sprays are less likely to drift, therefore, avoid combinations of pressure and nozzle type that will result in fine particles (mist). Do not apply during periods of dead calm or when wind velocity and direction pose a risk of spray drift. Do not spray when the wind is blowing towards a nearby sensitive crop, garden, terrestrial habitat (such as shelter-belt) or aquatic habitat.

Operator Precautions
Do not allow the pilot to mix chemicals to be loaded onto the aircraft. Loading of premixed chemicals with a closed system is permitted.
It is desirable that the pilot have communication capabilities at each treatment site at the time of application.
The field crew and the mixer/loaders must wear chemical resistant gloves, coveralls and goggles or face shield during mixing/loading, cleanup and repair. Follow the more stringent label precautions in cases where the operator precautions exceed the generic label recommendations on the existing ground boom label.
All personnel on the job site must wash hands and face thoroughly before eating and drinking. Protective clothing, aircraft cockpit and vehicle cabs must be decontaminated regularly.

Product Specific Precautions
Read and understand the entire label before opening this product. If you have questions, call the manufacturer at 1-877-371-BASF (2273) or obtain technical advice from the distributor or your provincial agricultural representative.


RESISTANCE-MANAGEMENT RECOMMENDATIONS 
For resistance management, please note that CARAMBA Fungicide contains a Group 3 (metconazole) fungicide. Any fungal population may contain individuals naturally resistant to CARAMBA Fungicide and other Group 3 fungicides. A gradual or total loss of pest control may occur over time if these fungicides are used repeatedly in the same fields. Other resistance mechanisms that are not linked to site of action but specific for individual chemicals, such as enhanced metabolism, may also exist. Appropriate resistance management strategies should be followed.
To delay fungicide resistance:
Where possible, rotate the use of CARAMBA Fungicide or other Group 3 fungicides with different groups that control the same pathogens. Avoid application of more than 2consecutive sprays of CARAMBA Fungicide or other fungicides in the same group.
Use tank mixtures with fungicides from a different group when such use is permitted.
CARAMBA Fungicide use should be based on an integrated disease management program that includes scouting, historical information related to pesticide use and crop rotation and considers host plant resistance, impact of environmental conditions on disease development, disease thresholds, as well as cultural, biological and other chemical control practices.
Where possible, make use of predictive disease models to effectively time fungicide applications.
Monitor treated fungal populations for resistance development.
If disease continues to progress after treatment with this product, do not increase the use rate. Discontinue use of this product, and switch to another fungicide with a different target site of action, if available.
Contact your local extension specialist or certified crop advisors for any additional pesticide resistance-management and/or IPM recommendations for specific crops and pathogens.
For further information and to report suspected resistance, contact a BASF representative at 1 (877) 371- 2273 or at www.agsolutions.ca.


MIXING
1. Clean spray tank following sprayer clean-up recommendations on the label of the productapplied previously.
2. Fill the spray tank one-half full of water and start agitation.
3. Add the required amount of CARAMBA Fungicide to the tank.
4. Continue agitation while filling the remainder of the spray tank .
5. After use, clean the spray tank.


RESTRICTIONS AND LIMITATIONS
1. Do not enter or allow worker entry into treated areas during the restricted entry intervalsspecified in the following table:
Crop – Corn
Activity – Hand harvesting
Restricted entry interval (REI) – 18 days

Crop – Corn
Activity – Hand set irrigation
Restricted entry interval (REI) – 3 days

Crop – Corn
Activity – All other activities
Restricted entry interval (REI) – 12 hours

Crop – All other crops
Activity – All activities
Restricted entry interval (REI) – 12 hours

2. Crop preharvest interval and application limitation:
Crop – Barley, oats, rye, wheat
Application to harvest interval (days) – 30
Maximum number of applications per year – 1
Maximum number of sequential applications – 1

Crop – Sweet corn cobs
Application to harvest interval (days) – 7 – for mechanical harvesting
Maximum number of applications per year – 1
Maximum number of sequential applications – 1

Crop – Sweet corn cobs
Application to harvest interval (days) – 18 – for hand harvesting
Maximum number of applications per year – 1
Maximum number of sequential applications – 1

Crop – Field corn grain and popcorn grain
Application to harvest interval (days) – 20
Maximum number of applications per year – 1
Maximum number of sequential applications – 1

Crop – Soybeans
Application to harvest interval (days) – 30
Maximum number of applications per year – 2
Maximum number of sequential applications – 2

Crop – Sugar beets
Application to harvest interval (days) – 14
Maximum number of applications per year – 2
Maximum number of sequential applications – 2

3. All crops can be grazed or fed to livestock.
4. Rotational Crops: A plant back interval of 35 days is required for all crops not listed on the label.


PRECAUTIONS
1. KEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDREN.
2. Harmful if swallowed. Do not take internally.
3. Causes eye irritation. DO NOT get in eyes.
4. Avoid contact with skin and clothing.
5. Wash thoroughly after handling and before eating, drinking or smoking.
6. All mixer/loaders and applicators: Wear long sleeved shirt, long pants, chemical resistant gloves, socks and footwear during mixing/loading, application, clean-up and repair. In addition, wear goggles/face shield during mixing/loading. Gloves are not required during application.
When handling more than 300 L of CARAMBA Fungicide per day, use closed mixing/loading systems.
Custom applicators must use a closed cab tractor for ground boom application. A closed cab is a chemical resistant barrier that completely surrounds the occupant of the cab and prevents contact with the pesticide or treated surfaces outside the cab.
7. If clothing becomes contaminated, remove and wash separately from household laundry before reuse.
8. Clean spray equipment thoroughly after use.
9. Apply only when the potential for drift to areas of human habitation or areas of human activity such as houses, cottages, schools and recreational areas is minimal. Take into consideration wind speed, wind direction, temperature inversions, application equipment and sprayer settings.