Diquat 240Plant Protection Product ComparisonPlant Protection Product ComparisonReport inaccuraciesReport inaccuracies

PRODUCT INFORMATION
DIQUAT 240 Desiccant is a non-volatile, fast acting herbicide. It is inactivated on contact with the soil and therefore, has no residual effect. The herbicidal effect varies with weed species, hence repeat applications may be necessary upon certain perennial weeds. Annual weeds are generally killed with one application.
Germination of seed is not affected by DIQUAT 240 Desiccant for all crops which could go for seed sale.
DIQUAT 240 Desiccant is easily applied in high or low volume sprayers. Very low volume or ultra low volume equipment for aerial application, e.g. rotary atomizer nozzles such as MICRONAIR†, are not recommended. Flat fan, hollow cone or REGLO JET nozzles are recommended for optimum results. Always use recommended water volume. Complete coverage is essential. DO NOT USE MIST BLOWERS.
DIQUAT 240 Desiccant is rapidly absorbed by plants, and effectiveness is not reduced by rain falling shortly after treatment. EFFECTIVENESS OF THE TREATMENT MAY BE ENHANCED WHEN APPLICATION IS MADE ON CLOUDY DAYS OR PRIOR TO PERIODS OF DARKNESS.
Use clean (non-turbid) water for spraying DIQUAT 240 Desiccant. Muddy water will reduce the effectiveness of DIQUAT 240 Desiccant.
THE USER MUST BE AWARE THAT THIS PRODUCT ACCELERATES THE NATURAL PROCESS OF CROP DRY DOWN. IN CASES OF ADVERSE WEATHER CONDITIONS SUCH AS HEAVY RAIN, HAIL OR STRONG WIND, THE RESULTANT DAMAGE TO YOUR CROP MAY BE ENHANCED. TAKE NOTE THAT CERTAIN CROPS ARE MORE FRAGILE THAN OTHERS.
Crop waste remaining after harvest (e.g. pea vines, alfalfa stems) may be used as a feed supplement for livestock.

HARVESTING
The use of DIQUAT 240 Desiccant facilitates direct combining of many field crops such as lentils, peas, canola, mustard or legumes. Growers who wish to swath desiccated crops should wait until the crop has dried down sufficiently to allow the desiccated crop to be picked up and threshed immediately after swathing. Delaying threshing after swathing desiccated crops will increase shattering and seed loss.
For most crops, harvest can normally commence within 4-10 days after desiccation. However, adverse weather conditions such as rainfall, cool temperatures and high humidity will slow plant desiccation and keep seed moisture levels high which can delay commencement of harvest beyond 10 days after application.. When those conditions prevail after DIQUAT 240 Desiccant desiccation, commence harvest when plant material is dry and seed moisture level allows efficient harvesting. To minimize seed loss and to maintain seed quality, harvest of desiccated crops should commence as soon as seed moisture reaches the level for normal harvest.

CLEANING SPRAYER AFTER USE
It is important to thoroughly wash equipment after spraying - use a wetting agent (AGRAL® 90 at
60 mL per 100 L of water or LI 700 at 100 mL/100 L of water should be filled with clean water and left overnight. Spray out before storing equipment or using for other materials.

DIRECTIONS FOR USE
As this product is not registered for the control of pests in aquatic systems, DO NOT use to control aquatic pests.
DO NOT contaminate irrigation or drinking water supplies or aquatic habitats by cleaning of equipment or disposal of wastes.
Refer to the following table for a summary of rates, application volumes and growth stages for ground and aerial application of DIQUAT 240 Desiccant. The table provides operational information. The applicator is directed to the CROPS-ADDITIONAL NOTES section for any additional information prior to spraying. Ground spraying may be done with any standard boom sprayer.
Apply only when the potential for drift to areas of human habitation or areas of human activity such as houses, cottages, schools and parks is minimal. Take into consideration meteorological conditions (e.g. wind speed, wind direction, temperature inversion) and application equipment and sprayer settings used for application.
Mixers and loaders supporting aerial applications are required to use closed systems.
Field sprayer application: DO NOT apply during period of dead calm. Avoid application of this product when winds are gusty. DO NOT apply with spray droplets smaller than the American
Society of Agricultural Engineers (ASAE) medium classification. Boom height must be 60 cm or less above the crop or ground.
Aerial application: DO NOT apply during periods of dead calm. Avoid application of this product when winds are gusty. Suggested conditions for good aerial application are moderate temperatures (less than 25°C) and humidity (greater than 50%). DO NOT apply when wind speed is greater than 9 km/h at flying height at the site of application. DO NOT apply with spray droplets smaller than the American Society of Agricultural Engineers (ASAE) medium classification. To minimize spray drift, use flat fan or hollow cone nozzles, and a pressure of 150-200 kPa, with the nozzle pointed back 150°-180°. To reduce drift caused by turbulent wingtip vortices, the nozzle distribution along the spray boom length MUST NOT exceed 65% of the wingspan or rotorspan.
For application to rights-of-way, buffer zones for production of sensitive terrestrial habitats are not required; however, the best available application strategies which minimize off-site drift, including meteorological conditions (e.g. wind direction, low wind speed) and spray equipment (e.g. coarse droplet sizes, minimizing height above canopy), should be used. Applicators must, however, observe the specified buffer zones for protection of sensitive aquatic habitats.
Use LI 700 wetting and spreading agent at 2.5L of per 1000 L of spray solution (0.25%) or AGRAL 90, wetting and spreading agent, at a rate of 1 L for each 1000 L of spray mixture unless otherwise stated.
AGITATE WELL BEFORE USE.

Buffer zones:
The buffer zones specified in the table below are required between the point of direct application
and the closest downwind edge of sensitive terrestrial habitats (such as grasslands, forested areas, shelter belts, woodlots, hedgerows, riparian areas and shrublands), sensitive freshwater habitats (such as lakes, rivers, sloughs, ponds, prairie potholes, creeks, marshes, streams, reservoirs and wetlands) and estuarine/marine habitats.

GROUND APPLICATION
Ground spraying may be done with any standard boom sprayer.

AERIAL APPLICATION
Generic Aerial Application Label Instructions - Directions for Use
Apply only by fixed-wing or rotary aircraft equipment which has been functionally and operationally calibrated for the atmospheric conditions of the area and the application rates and conditions of this label.
Label rates, conditions and precautions are product specific. Read and understand the entire label before opening this product. Apply only at the rate recommended for aerial application on this label. Where no rate for aerial application appears for the specific use, this product cannot be applied by any type of aerial equipment.
Ensure uniform application. To avoid streaked, uneven or overlapped application, use appropriate marking devices.

Use Precautions
Apply only when meteorological conditions at the treatment site allow for complete and even crop coverage. Apply only under conditions of good practice specific to aerial application as outlined in the National Aerial Pesticide Application Manual, developed by the Federal/Provincial/Territorial Committee on Pest Management and Pesticides.
Do not apply to any body of water. Avoid drifting of spray onto any body of water or other non-target areas. Specified buffer zones should be observed.
Coarse sprays are less likely to drift, therefore, avoid combinations of pressure and nozzle type that will result in fine particles (mist). Do not apply during periods of dead calm or when wind velocity and direction pose a risk of spray drift. Do not spray when the wind is blowing towards a nearby sensitive crop, garden, terrestrial habitat (such as shelter-belt) or aquatic habitat.

Operator Precautions
Do not allow the pilot to mix chemicals to be loaded onto the aircraft. Loading of premixed chemicals are required to use a closed system.
It is desirable that the pilot have communication capabilities at each treatment site at the time of application.
The field crew and the mixer/loaders must wear chemical resistant coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt, long pants, chemical-resistant gloves and footwear, goggles and a respirator during mixing/loading, clean-up and repair, and chemical-resistant headgear for overhead applications.
All personnel on the job site must wash hands and face thoroughly before eating and drinking. Protective clothing, aircraft cockpit and vehicle cabs must be decontaminated regularly.

Product Specific Precautions
Read and understand the entire label before opening this product. If you have questions obtain technical advice from the distributor or your provincial agricultural representative. Application
of this specific product must meet and/or conform to the following:
Volume: Apply the recommended rate in a minimum spray volume of 45 litres per hectare.
Refer to ENVIRONMENTAL PRECAUTIONS for additional details.

ENVIRONMENTAL PRECAUTIONS
AIRCRAFT APPLICATION IS NOT RECOMMENDED WHERE WETLANDS OR WILDLIFE COVER MIGHT BE OVERSPRAYED. AVOID SPRAY DRIFT ONTO ADJACENT CROPS, SHELTER BELTS AND WILDLIFE COVER. AVOID OVERSPRAYING OR DRIFT ONTO SLOUGHS.
SINCE HERBICIDE APPLICATION MAY DAMAGE THE HABITAT OF MIGRATORY BIRDS AND OTHER WILDLIFE SPECIES, DO NOT USE AERIAL APPLICATION IN FIELDS WHERE WETLANDS OR OTHER GOOD WILDLIFE COVER MIGHT BE OVERSPRAYED; THIS INCLUDES SLOUGHS AND DRY SLOUGH MARGINS IN WESTERN CANADA. USE GROUND SPRAYERS AND LEAVE AN UNSPRAYED MARGIN OF 15 M AROUND THE BORDER OF ALL SLOUGHS.
Apply in weather conditions that will not promote drift. Suggested conditions for good aerial application are moderate temperatures (less than 25oC), humidity (greater than 50%), and wind 3.5-9 kph. Do not apply in dead calm conditions or when temperature inversion is likely (e.g. evening when warm air is rising from crop or morning when sunshine warms the soil and air rises from the field). To avoid spray drift, use flat fan or hollow cone nozzles, and a pressure of 150-200 kPa, with the nozzles pointed back 150o-180o.

Crops – Additional notes

Beans
White and Red-Kidney Beans, Soybeans and Adzuki Beans
Ground sprayer application will facilitate use of higher water volumes and provide more complete coverage. Aerial application may be used with aircraft fitted to apply a uniform spray coverage. Spray at 80-90% natural leaf defoliation and when at least 80% of the pods have turned yellow. In years of excessive vine regrowth, consider pod colour only for the timing of DIQUAT 240 Desiccant application. Desiccation of weeds is completed in a week. THIS TREATMENT DOES NOT MATURE BEANS NOR DOES IT LOWER MOISTURE CONTENT OF BEANS. Direct combine or pull beans when they are considered ready. Combining of dry beans and Adzuki beans can often be done the day of pulling, however, this is dependent on the condition of the beans.
DIQUAT 240 Desiccant applied to beans under prolonged drought stress will provide slower and less effective desiccation compared to applications made under normal growing conditions. If prolonged drought stress conditions exist prior to application, use the highest registered rate of DIQUAT 240 Desiccant for beans as well as the highest registered water volume to obtain the best activity.
Canola
DIQUAT 240 Desiccant should only be used for seed and commercial canola crops to facilitate harvest of lodged crops. Speed of pod and stem dry down will vary depending on spray coverage, environmental conditions and plant growth stage application; however pod and stem kill will take place 7-10 days after application.
Ground sprayer application will facilitate use of higher water volumes and provide more complete coverage. Aerial application may be used with aircraft fitted to apply uniform spray coverage. Apply when the crop is at the 80%-90% seed turn (green to brown) stage; application of DIQUAT 240 Desiccant prior to this stage can result in high levels of green seed in the sample.
Commence harvest as soon as the crop can be combined since significant yield loss in standing desiccated canola crops, particularly Argentine varieties, can occur due to pod drop and pod shattering. This yield loss can be greater if harvest of the standing desiccated crop is delayed or when unfavourable weather conditions including high winds and heavy rainfall occur.
Germination of seed is not affected by DIQUAT 240 Desiccant desiccation.
Chickpeas
This treatment does not mature chickpeas. Chickpea swaths are at risk to wind loss, and straight cutting is preferred. Timing is vital as premature desiccation will result in yield and quality loss. Crops should be closely monitored for correct stage of application. Application of DIQUAT 240 Desiccant may cause the small stem attaching the pod to the chickpea plant to become brittle and lead to increased pod loss. Wait 4 to 7 days before combining the crop. It may be advantageous to harvest, and bin separately, chickpea grain from late maturing areas of the field. Use of higher water volumes will provide more complete coverage.
For Desi type, apply at the time swathing would normally commence, when the majority of plants are yellow and most pods are mature and seeds have turned from green to yellow or brown. Upper part of plant may still be green.
For Kabuli type, apply when the majority of plants and pods are ripe and dry with seeds turned from green to white or tan, and detached from the pods. Drydown is less complete in Kabuli type due to its thick pod wall.
Ground sprayer application will facilitate use of higher water volumes and provide more complete coverage. Aerial application may be used with aircraft fitted to apply a uniform spray coverage.
Germination of seed is not affected by DIQUAT 240 Desiccant desiccation.
Flax (including low linolenic acid varieties)
DIQUAT 240 Desiccant is an effective desiccant aiding in the harvest of flax (including low linolenic acid varieties). Desiccation reduces the period of time from maturity to harvest, reduces wear and tear on harvesting equipment, reduces harvest time, decreases the moisture content of the seed and eliminates the need for swathing. Spray when the crop is at the 75% boll turn stage (normal swathing time). Do not apply before 75% boll turn. Harvest when the flaxseed tests 'dry'.
Ground sprayer application will facilitate use of higher water volumes and provide more complete coverage.
Aerial application may be used where the crop is too dense or the ground too soft for ground rigs. Ensure aircraft is fitted to apply uniform spray coverage.
Germination of seed is not affected by DIQUAT 240 Desiccant desiccation of the crop.
Fruit Perennial Grass Suppression Under Apple Trees
See Table 1 for rates.
DO NOT APPLY BY AIR.
Legumes
Alfalfa, Birdsfoot Trefoil, Red Clover, and White Clover Seed Crops
To prevent seed pod shattering and loss of seed, the interval between spraying and harvest should not exceed 7 days. NOTES: 1) Birdsfoot trefoil plants under drought or disease stress may be subject to damage when desiccated with DIQUAT 240 Desiccant. 2) Do not use DIQUAT 240 Desiccant if a residual herbicide has been used on the legumes within the past 12 months.
Ground sprayer application will facilitate use of higher water volumes and provide more complete coverage. Aerial application may be used where the crop is too dense or the ground too soft for ground rigs. Ensure aircraft is fitted to apply uniform spray coverage.
Lentils
Apply DIQUAT 240 Desiccant at the time swathing would normally commence. This is when the lowermost pods are yellow-brown and seeds rattle. Ground sprayer application will facilitate use of higher water volumes and provide more complete coverage. Aerial application may be used where the crop is too dense or the ground too soft for ground rigs.
DIQUAT 240 Desiccant applied to lentils under prolonged drought stress, rainfall, cool temperatures and high humidity will provide slower and less effective desiccation compared to applications made under normal growing conditions. If these conditions exist prior to application, use the highest registered rate of DIQUAT 240 Desiccant for lentils as well as the highest registered water volume to obtain the best activity. Harvest delays should be expected.
Mustard (condiment type only)
Spray when the crop is at the 75% seed turn (green to brown) stage. Do not apply when the crop is immature or past the recommended stage of maturity. Commence combining no later than 14 days after application. NOTE: Pod drop and some shattering can occur in high winds in the standing crop.
Ground sprayer application will facilitate use of higher water volumes and provide more complete coverage. Aerial application may be used where the crop is too dense or the ground too soft for ground rigs. Apply by means of an aircraft fitted to apply uniform spray coverage.
Non-Crop Land (Rights-of-way for transportation or utility corridors, airports, wasteland, garbage dumps and industrial parks)
Weed Control in Non-Crop Land
For the top kill of weeds, DIQUAT 240 Desiccant will provide a rapid top-kill of weeds and grasses when applied as a foliar spray. DIQUAT 240 Desiccant may be added to tank mixes of certain soil sterilants where immediate top kill and long term soil sterilization is required. The combined use with soil sterilants should be based on previous experimental experience, and recommendations on the label of the residual herbicide.
DO NOT APPLY BY AIR.
Oats - Corn Spurry Control
DIQUAT 240 Desiccant, when applied by ground sprayer as recommended in Table 1 will burn corn
spurry and give a temporary burning of the exposed oats leaves, but the plants quickly recover. Do not use any surfactant.
DO NOT APPLY BY AIR.
Peas
This treatment does not mature peas. Because pea swaths are at considerable risk to wind losses, straight cutting should be considered. Timing is vital as premature desiccation will result in yield loss: crops should be closely monitored. Commence combining when the peas test "dry".
DIQUAT 240 Desiccant applied to peas under prolonged drought stress will provide slower and less effective desiccation compared to applications made under normal growing conditions. If prolonged drought stress conditions exist prior to application, use the highest registered rate of DIQUAT 240 Desiccant for peas as well as the highest registered water volume to obtain the best activity.
With indeterminate varieties, apply DIQUAT 240 Desiccant when the lower pods of most plants are ripe, dry, translucent and shrunken, with enclosed seeds detached from the pods. Middle pods will be somewhat shrunken and leathery, and the seed will split when squeezed. Desiccation will dry out upper pods and green plant growth, leaving bottom and middle pods with the highest quality seed.
With determinate varieties, DIQUAT 240 Desiccant should be applied when the top and upper middle pods are somewhat shrunken and leathery and seeds in these pods split when squeezed.
The lower middle and bottom pods are ripe and dry, translucent and shrunken, with seeds enclosed in these pods detached.
Ground sprayer application will facilitate use of higher water volumes and provide more complete coverage. Aerial application may be used where the crop is too dense or the ground too soft for ground rigs. Ensure aircraft is fitted to apply uniform spray coverage.
Potato Vine Killing
Use of AGRAL 90 or LI 700 are not recommended in the spray mixture for this crop except in the Prairie Provinces.
DIQUAT 240 Desiccant is an effective potato vine killer of seed and table potatoes. Leaf kill is rapid
(3-4 days) with kill of stems taking place gradually (10-14 days) giving conditions that closely approach 'natural' maturity. At recommended rates of application, DIQUAT 240 Desiccant also desiccates weeds that are present, and thus speeds and eases the harvesting operations. By stopping growth of potato tops the incidence of tuber rot is greatly reduced.
Spray at least two weeks before harvest. Best results are obtained after growth has passed its peak and adequate skin set has been established. Poor results may be obtained when plants are sprayed while growing actively. NOTE: Active growth of potato tops can continue into late season in part or all of a field if growth has been delayed for any reason during the growing period.
Do not apply DIQUAT 240 Desiccant during periods of extreme weather conditions. Do not apply
DIQUAT 240 Desiccant during drought, particularly when the soil is so dry that the tops wilt during the day. After drought conditions, wait for at least three days after the soil has been thoroughly moistened by rain or irrigation. During extremely wet conditions, particularly if the soil is water logged and algal colonies are present on the soil as an indicator of excessive moisture, wait until soil conditions are drier and more closely resemble harvesting conditions.
Do not use DIQUAT 240 Desiccant if tops have been damaged by a roto-beater or other similar mechanical top beater. Do not use wetters, spreaders or stickers except as directed for the 1.25 L rate in the prairie provinces.
When potato tops are especially dense or heavy weed growth is present, use 1100 L of water/ha.
Sweet White Lupins
Apply DIQUAT 240 Desiccant once per season for pre-harvest desiccation. Spray when the pods are brown and the internal seed (endosperm) yellow when cut. Wait at least 7 days before harvesting.
Do not add wetters, spreaders or stickers to the spray solution. Ground rig application only.
Ground spraying may be done with any standard boom sprayer. DO NOT APPLY BY AIR.
Sunflowers
DIQUAT 240 Desiccant is an effective desiccant aiding in the harvest of sunflower seed for
seed, oil production and confectionery use. If specialized high clearance equipment is available, ground sprayer application will facilitate use of higher water volumes and provide more complete coverage.
Aerial application may be used where the crop is too tall or the ground too soft for ground rigs. Do not apply when the crop is immature. Combine 15-20 days after spraying.
Vegetables and Field Crops
Stale Seedbed - Pre-emergent to crop, Post-emergent to Weeds on Stale Seedbed
For weed control in beans (all types), beets, carrots, cole crops, corn, onions, peas, cucumbers, potatoes, soybeans and turnips, prepare a stale seedbed by early cultivation (at least two to four weeks in advance of seeding) to stimulate weed growth. Seed without further cultivation and with a minimum of soil disturbance.
Apply by ground sprayer 2.3 to 4.6 L of DIQUAT 240 Desiccant (2.3 L for small weeds, 3 to 5 cm high, and 4.6 L for larger weeds) in 300 L or more of water per hectare to burn off emerged weeds either prior to seeding or after seeding, but three days before crop emergence. If grasses are present, use GRAMOXONE herbicide in place of DIQUAT 240 Desiccant.
DO NOT APPLY BY AIR.
Vegetables
Inter-row, Directed Chemical Weeding of Vegetable Crops
For weed control between the rows after crop and weed emergence, use suitable protective equipment and spray nozzle to protect crop from spray. If grasses are present, use GRAMOXONE herbicide in place of DIQUAT 240 Desiccant.
DO NOT APPLY BY AIR.

Resistance-Management Recommendations
For resistance management, DIQUAT 240 Desiccant is a Group 22 herbicide. Any weed population may contain or develop plants naturally resistant to DIQUAT 240 Desiccant and other Group 22 herbicides. The resistant biotypes may dominate the weed population if these herbicides are used repeatedly in the same field.
Other resistance mechanisms that are not linked to site of action, but specific for individual chemicals, such as enhanced metabolism, may also exist. Appropriate resistance-management strategies should be followed.
To delay herbicide resistance:
Where possible, rotate the use of DIQUAT 240 or other Group 22 herbicides within a growing season (sequence) or among growing seasons with different herbicide groups that control the same weeds in a field.
Use tank mixtures with herbicides from a different group when such use is permitted. To delay resistance, the less resistance-prone partner should control the target weed(s) as effectively as the more resistance-prone partner.
Herbicide use should be based on an integrated weed management program that includes scouting, historical information related to herbicide use and crop rotation, and considers tillage (or other mechanical control methods), cultural (for example, higher crop seeding rates; precision fertilizer application method and timing to favour the crop and not the weeds), biological (weed-competitive crops or varieties) and other management practices.
Monitor weed populations after herbicide application for signs of resistance development (for example, only one weed species on the herbicide label not controlled). If resistance is suspected, prevent weed seed production in the affected area if possible by an alternative herbicide from a different group. Prevent movement of resistant weed seeds to other fields by cleaning harvesting and tillage equipment when moving between fields, and planting clean seed.
Have suspected resistant weed seeds tested by a qualified laboratory to confirm resistance and identify alternative herbicide options.
Contact your local extension specialist or certified crop advisors for any additional pesticide resistance-management and/or integrated weed-management recommendations for specific crops and weed biotypes.
For further information or to report suspected resistance, please contact company representatives at 1-888-760-0187.