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RESISTANCE MANAGEMENT
For resistance management, please note that Torpedo Herbicide is both a Group 14 and a Group 15 herbicide. Any weed population may contain or develop plants naturally resistant to Torpedo Herbicide and other Group 14 and/or Group 15 herbicides. Any weed population may contain or develop plants naturally resistant to Torpedo Herbicide and other Group 14 and Group 15 herbicides. The resistant biotypes may dominate the weed population if these herbicides are used repeatedly in the same field. Other resistance mechanisms that are not linked to site of action, but specific for individual chemicals, such as enhanced metabolism, may also exist. Appropriate resistance-management strategies should be followed. To delay herbicide resistance:
Where possible, rotate the use of Torpedo Herbicide or other Group 14 and /or Group 15 herbicides within a growing season (sequence) or among growing seasons with different herbicide groups that control the same weeds in a field.
Use tank mixtures with herbicides from a different group when such use is permitted. To delay resistance, the less resistance-prone partner should control the target weed(s) as effectively as the more resistance-prone partner.
Herbicide use should be based on an integrated weed management program that includes scouting, historical information related to herbicide use and crop rotation, and considers tillage (or other mechanical control methods), cultural (for example, higher crop seeding rates; precision fertilizer application method and timing to favour the crop and not the weeds), biological (weed-competitive crops or varieties) and other management practices.
Monitor weed populations after herbicide application for signs of resistance development (for example, only one weed species on the herbicide label not controlled). If resistance is suspected, prevent weed seed production in the affected area if possible by an alternative herbicide from a different group. Prevent movement of resistant weed seeds to other fields by cleaning harvesting and tillage equipment when moving between fields, and planting clean seed.
Have suspected resistant weed seeds tested by a qualified laboratory to confirm resistance and identify alternative herbicide options.
Contact your local extension specialist or certified crop advisors for any additional pesticide resistance-management and/or integrated weed-management recommendations for specific crops and weed biotypes.
For further information and to report suspected resistance, contact Valent Canada at 519-767- 9262.

GENERAL DIRECTIONS FOR USE
When used in accordance with this label, Torpedo Herbicide:
Provides residual control of susceptible weeds in fallow land.
Provides additional burndown activity when used as part of a burndown program in fallow land.
Can be used on farms for non-selective vegetation control to maintain bare ground non-crop areas that must be kept weed free.
Can be used to maintain bareground in non-crop areas. Moisture is necessary to activate Torpedo Herbicide in soil for residual weed control. When adequate moisture is not received after a Torpedo Herbicide application, weed residual control may be improved by irrigation with at least 1.25 cm of water. Dry weather following applications of Torpedo Herbicide may reduce effectiveness. However, when adequate moisture is received after dry conditions, Torpedo Herbicide will control susceptible germinating weeds. Torpedo Herbicide may not control weeds that germinate after application but before an activating rainfall/irrigation or weeds that germinate through cracks resulting from dry soil. Burndown Application Apply Torpedo Herbicide as part of a burndown program to actively growing weeds. Applying Torpedo Herbicide under conditions that do not promote active weed growth will reduce herbicide effectiveness. Do not apply Torpedo Herbicide when weeds are under stress due to drought, excessive water, temperature extremes, disease or low humidity. Weeds under stress tend to become less susceptible to herbicidal action. Torpedo Herbicide is most effective when applied under warm sunny conditions. Reduced residual weed control may occur when burndown applications are made to fields where heavy crop and/or weed residue exist. Rainfastness Torpedo Herbicide is rainfast one hour after application. Do not apply Torpedo Herbicide if rain is expected within one hour of application or postemergence efficacy may be reduced. Soil Characteristics Application of Torpedo Herbicide to soils with high organic matter and/or high clay content may require higher dosages than soils with low organic matter and/or low clay content. Application to cloddy seedbeds can result in reduced weed control.

GENERAL USE PRECAUTIONS
Do not apply this product when weather conditions favor spray drift from treated areas.
Do not apply during low-level inversion conditions, including fog.
Do not apply by air.
Do not apply to frozen or snow covered soil.
Mechanical incorporation into the soil will reduce residual weed control.
As this product is not registered for the control of pests in aquatic systems, DO NOT use to control aquatic pests.
DO NOT contaminate irrigation or drinking water supplies or aquatic habitats by cleaning of equipment or disposal of wastes.

APPLICATION INFORMATION
Spray equipment used to apply Torpedo Herbicide should not be used to apply other materials to any crop foliage, unless the proper cleanout procedure is followed. See “SPRAYER CLEANUP” for more information.

SPRAYER PREPARATION
Before applying Torpedo Herbicide, start with clean, well maintained application equipment. The spray tank, as well as all hoses and booms, must be cleaned to ensure no residue from the previous spraying operation remains in the sprayer. Some pesticides, including but not limited to, the sulfonylurea and phenoxy herbicides are active at very small amounts and can cause crop injury when applied to susceptible crops. The spray equipment must be cleaned according to the manufacturer's directions for the last product used before the equipment is used to apply Torpedo Herbicide. If two or more products were tank mixed prior to Torpedo Herbicide application, the most restrictive cleanup procedure should be followed.

MIXING INSTRUCTIONS
1. Fill clean spray tank 1/2 to 2/3 of desired level with clean water.
2. To ensure a uniform spray mixture, pre-slurry the required amount of Torpedo Herbicide with water prior to addition to the spray tank. Use a minimum of 3.8 litres (1 gallon) of water per 283 g (10 oz) of Torpedo Herbicide.
3. While agitating, slowly add the pre-slurried Torpedo Herbicide to the spray tank. Agitation should create a rippling or rolling action on the water surface.
4. If tank mixing Torpedo Herbicide with other labeled herbicides, add water soluble bags first, followed by dry formulations, flowables, emulsifiable concentrates and then solutions. Prepare no more spray mixture than is required for the immediate spray operation.
5. Add any required adjuvants.
6. Fill spray tank to desired level with water. Agitation should continue until all spray solution has been applied.
7. Mix only the amount of spray solution that can be applied the day of mixing. Torpedo Herbicide should be applied within 6 hours of mixing.

APPLICATION METHOD
Torpedo Herbicide is applied by ground. Application equipment should be clean and in good repair. Nozzles should be uniformly spaced on boom and frequently checked for accuracy. Apply Torpedo Herbicide, and Torpedo Herbicide tank mixes, with ground equipment using standard commercial sprayers equipped with flat fan (preplant or preemergence applications only) designed to deliver the desired spray pressure and spray volume. Field sprayer application: DO NOT apply during periods of dead calm. Avoid application of this product when winds are gusty. DO NOT apply with spray droplets smaller than the American Society of Agricultural Engineers (ASAE) medium classification. Boom height must be 60 cm or less above the crop or ground.

CARRIER VOLUME AND SPRAY PRESSURE
Preemergence Application (Conventional Tillage): To ensure uniform coverage, use 100 to 300 L of spray solution per hectare for conventional tillage applications. Nozzle selection should meet manufacturer's volume and pressure recommendations for preemergence herbicide application. Burndown Application: To ensure thorough coverage in burndown applications, use 150 to 600 L spray solution per hectare. Use 200 to 600 L per hectare if dense vegetation or heavy crop residue is present. Nozzle selection should meet manufacturer's volume and pressure recommendations for postemergence herbicide application. Do not use flood jet nozzles.

SPRAYER CLEANUP
Spray equipment, including mixing vessels and nurse tanks, must be cleaned each day following Torpedo Herbicide application. After Torpedo Herbicide is applied, the following steps must be used to clean the spray equipment:
1. Completely drain the spray tank, rinse the sprayer thoroughly, including the inside and outside of the tank and all in-line screens.
2. Fill the spray tank with clean water and flush all hoses, booms, screens and nozzles.
3. Top off tank, add 3.8 litres of 3% household ammonia (or equivalent) for every 378.5 L of water, circulate through sprayer for 5 minutes, and then flush all hoses, booms, screens and nozzles for a minimum of 15 minutes. If diaphragms are being used on the spray boom, loosen diaphragms before flushing the spray system, allowing cleaning solution to spray through the open diaphragm. If spray lines have any end caps, they must be loosened before flushing the system, allowing cleaning solution to spray though the loosened caps. To enhance removal of Torpedo Herbicide from the spray system, add a tank cleaner in place of ammonia and allow the cleaning solution to remain in the pressurized spray system (spray tank, hoses and boom) for 8 hours before flushing the system for a minimum of 15 minutes.
4. Drain tank completely.
5. Add enough clean water to the spray tank to allow all hoses, booms, screens and nozzles to be flushed for 2 minutes.
6. Remove all nozzles and screens and rinse them in clean water. Spray equipment, including all tanks, hoses, booms, screens and nozzles, should be thoroughly cleaned before it is used to apply postemergence pesticides. Equipment with Torpedo Herbicide residue remaining in the system may result in crop injury to the subsequently treated crop.

BUFFER ZONES:
Use of the following spray methods or equipment DO NOT require a buffer zone: hand-held or backpack sprayer and spot treatment. For application to rights-of-way (such as bareground to railroad beds, under guard rails, aboveground pipelines, road surfaces and gravel shoulders) buffer zones for protection of sensitive terrestrial habitats are not required; however, the best available application strategies which minimize off-site drift, including meteorological conditions (e.g., wind directions, low wind speed) and spray equipment (e.g., coarse droplet sizes, minimizing height above canopy), should be used. Applicators must, however, observe the specified buffer zones for protection of sensitive aquatic habitats. 9 The buffer zones specified in the table below are required between the point of direct application and the closest downwind edge of sensitive terrestrial habitats (such as grasslands, forested areas, shelter belts, woodlots, hedgerows, riparian areas and shrublands), sensitive aquatic habitats (such as lakes, rivers, sloughs, ponds, prairie potholes, creeks, marshes, streams, reservoirs, wetlands) and estuarine/marine habitats.
For tank mixes, consult the labels of the tank-mix partners and observe the largest (most restrictive) buffer zone of the products involved in the tank mixture and apply using the coarsest spray (ASAE) category indicated on the labels for those tank mix partners.

ROTATIONAL RESTRICTIONS
The following rotational crops may be planted after applying Torpedo Herbicide at the listed rate range. Planting earlier than the recommended rotational interval may result in crop injury.

DIRECTIONS FOR USE IN FALLOW LAND
Torpedo Herbicide, at 210 to 315 g/ha, can be used in combination with labeled burndown herbicides to control emerged weeds and provide residual weed control. Weeds controlled by residual activity are listed in Table 1.