Pear scab

Venturia pirina (Pear Scab):

Appearance: Pear scab caused by Venturia pirina is characterized by the development of dark, scaly lesions on the leaves, fruit, and sometimes twigs of pear trees. The lesions initially appear olive-green and later turn dark brown to black. As the disease progresses, the affected areas may become rough and scaly, affecting the overall appearance of the pear fruit and leaves.

Identification:

1. Scaly Lesions: Look for dark, scaly lesions on the upper and lower surfaces of pear leaves. These lesions can also affect fruit and twigs.
2. Color Changes: Lesions may start as olive-green and progress to dark brown or black.
3. Rough Texture: Severe infections can lead to a rough and scaly texture on the surface of affected areas.
4. Twig and Fruit Affection: In addition to leaves, pear scab may also cause lesions on twigs and fruit, impacting the overall health of the tree.

Management:

1. Fungicide Application:

   • Fungicidal Sprays: Application of fungicides, especially those effective against scab diseases, can be crucial for managing pear scab. Fungicide choice and application timing should align with local recommendations and conditions.

2. Cultural Practices:

   • Proper Plant Spacing: Ensure proper spacing between pear trees to improve air circulation and reduce humidity, creating less favorable conditions for the fungus.
   • Leaf Removal: Remove and dispose of infected leaves to reduce the inoculum source.

3. Resistant Varieties:

   • Plant Resistant Pear Varieties: Utilize pear varieties that are bred for resistance or tolerance to pear scab.

4. Sanitation:

   • Prune Infected Branches: Prune and remove branches with severe infections, especially during the dormant season.
   • Remove Fallen Leaves: Clean up and remove fallen leaves from the ground to reduce overwintering inoculum.

5. Regular Monitoring:

   • Scouting for Symptoms: Regularly monitor pear trees for early symptoms of scab, especially during conditions conducive to disease development.