Bellyache bush

Jatropha gossypiifolia, commonly known as bellyache bush, bellyache nut, or cotton-leaf physicnut, is a perennial shrub belonging to the Euphorbiaceae family. Native to the Americas, it has spread to various tropical and subtropical regions globally. Here's a detailed description of Jatropha gossypiifolia:

Description:

• Habitat: Bellyache bush is often found in disturbed areas, along roadsides, in pastures, and in open woodlands. It can adapt to a range of soil types and environmental conditions.

• Growth Form: This shrub typically grows 1 to 3 meters tall, with a branching and somewhat spreading habit. The stems are green and succulent.

• Leaves: The leaves are alternate, palmately lobed, and resemble the shape of a hand. They are usually about 10 to 15 cm in diameter and have serrated margins.

• Flowers: The flowers are small, greenish-white to yellowish, and are borne in clusters. They are not highly conspicuous.

• Fruits: The fruit is a capsule containing seeds. The seeds are poisonous and should not be ingested.

Identification Features:

1. Palmately Lobed Leaves: The leaves are distinctive, being palmately lobed with serrated margins.

2. Green Succulent Stems: The stems are green and somewhat succulent.

3. Inconspicuous Flowers: The flowers are small and not highly showy.

Toxicity:

• All parts of Jatropha gossypiifolia contain toxic compounds, particularly phorbol esters and curcin. Ingesting any part of the plant, especially the seeds, can cause severe poisoning and should be avoided.

Traditional Uses:

• In traditional medicine in some regions, extracts from the plant have been used for various purposes, but caution is required due to its toxicity.

Caution:

• Due to its toxic nature, caution should be exercised, and contact with the plant should be avoided. Livestock poisoning has been reported when animals graze on the plant.