Buffalo burr

Solanum rostratum

Description:

  • Habitat: Buffalo bur thrives in disturbed areas, including fields, roadsides, and open landscapes. It is well-adapted to a range of soil types and climates.

  • Growth Form: This plant exhibits an annual or short-lived perennial growth habit. It can grow as an upright herb or sprawl along the ground, reaching heights up to one meter. The entire plant is covered with fine hairs, giving it a rough texture.

  • Leaves: The leaves are alternately arranged along the stems and are characterized by deep lobes with coarsely toothed margins. The lobes are irregular, providing the leaves with an undulating appearance. The overall leaf surface is covered with fine hairs.

  • Flowers: Buffalo bur produces striking yellow flowers with a star-shaped structure. These flowers typically appear either singly or in small clusters. The yellow hue and star-like arrangement make them visually distinctive.

  • Fruits: One of the most notable features is the spiny fruit or bur. These spherical fruits are covered with sharp, yellowish spines, providing an effective defense mechanism. The burs persistently attach to the plant, containing seeds within.

Identification Features:

  1. Spiny Burs: The presence of spiny burs is a key identification feature. These burs, adorned with sharp, yellow spines, are distinctive and set Solanum rostratum apart from other plants.

  2. Yellow Star-Shaped Flowers: The bright yellow, star-shaped flowers are easily recognizable and contribute to the plant's overall aesthetic.

  3. Deeply Lobed Leaves: The leaves are deeply lobed with irregular margins and a rough texture due to the fine hairs covering the leaf surface.

  4. Fine Hairs: The entire plant, including stems, leaves, and even the calyx of the flowers, is covered in fine hairs, contributing to its overall texture.

Ecological Role:

    • Buffalo bur is often considered a ruderal species, thriving in disturbed habitats. It competes well in areas with minimal vegetation cover.

Caution:

  • Buffalo bur is considered toxic to livestock, and ingestion can lead to poisoning. It contains solanine, a toxic glycoalkaloid.