Bulbous buttercup

Ranunculus bulbosus

Ranunculus bulbosus, commonly known as bulbous buttercup, is a herbaceous perennial plant belonging to the Ranunculaceae family. It is native to Europe but has become naturalized in various parts of North America. Here's a detailed description:

Description:

  • Habitat: Bulbous buttercup is adaptable to a variety of habitats and can be found in meadows, pastures, lawns, and disturbed areas. It prefers well-drained soils.

  • Growth Form: It has a low-growing habit with creeping stems (stolons) that root at the nodes, forming spreading patches. The plant produces tuberous bulbs at the base of the stems.

  • Leaves: The basal leaves are deeply divided into three lobes, each with toothed edges. The upper leaves along the stems are usually smaller and less deeply lobed.

  • Flowers: The bright yellow flowers have five glossy petals and are approximately 1 to 2 cm in diameter. The flowers are borne on slender stems rising above the foliage.

  • Blooming Period: Bulbous buttercup typically blooms in the spring and early summer.

  • Fruits: The fruit consists of a cluster of achenes (small dry seeds), each attached to a receptacle.

Identification Features:

  1. Basal Leaves: The basal leaves are deeply divided into three lobes with toothed edges, forming a distinctive appearance.

  2. Yellow Flowers: The bright yellow flowers with five glossy petals are a key identifying feature.

  3. Tuberous Bulbs: The presence of tuberous bulbs at the base of the stems is characteristic of this species.

  4. Creeping Stems: The plant spreads through creeping stems (stolons) that root at the nodes.

Ecological Role:

  • Bulbous buttercup is often considered a weed in pastures and lawns due to its ability to form dense patches.

Caution:

  • The plant contains ranunculin, which, when crushed, can release a toxic compound causing irritation to the skin and mucous membranes.