Great brome

Bromus diandrus

Bromus diandrus, commonly known as great brome or ripgut brome, is a grass species belonging to the Poaceae family. Native to the Mediterranean region, it has become invasive in various parts of the world. Here's an overview:

Botanical Description:

  1. Growth Form:

    • Great brome is an annual or sometimes biennial grass.

  2. Height:

    • It typically grows to a height of about 20 to 100 centimeters (8 to 39 inches).

  3. Leaves:

    • The leaves are flat, linear, and have a prominent midrib.

  4. Inflorescence:

    • The inflorescence is a loose, nodding panicle with awned spikelets.

  5. Spikelets:

    • The spikelets have long awns (bristle-like structures), which can be a key identification feature.

Identification Tips:

  • Awned Spikelets:

    • The long awns on the spikelets, particularly the central awn, are characteristic.

  • Leaf Characteristics:

    • The flat, linear leaves contribute to the overall appearance.

Habitat:

  • Distribution:

    • Native to the Mediterranean region.

  • Habitat:

    • Great brome is often found in disturbed areas, along roadsides, and in open, sunny habitats. It can be invasive in agricultural fields.

Ecological Impact:

  • Invasive Nature:
    • Great brome is considered invasive in some regions, outcompeting native vegetation.

Uses:

  • Forage:
    • In certain regions, it may be used for forage, although its invasive nature raises concerns.

Management:

  • Control Measures:
    • Due to its invasive tendencies, control measures such as herbicide application or mechanical removal may be employed to manage its spread.

Note:

  • Similar Species:
    • The Bromus genus includes several species, and proper identification may require attention to specific characteristics.

Caution:

  • Invasiveness:
    • The invasive behavior of great brome can have ecological impacts, and efforts are made to control its spread.