Volunteer triticale

Triticosecale spp.

Volunteer triticale" refers to plants of the triticale species that grow unintentionally in a location where triticale was previously cultivated. Triticale is a hybrid crop derived from wheat (Triticum) and rye (Secale). When triticale plants from a previous cultivation cycle drop seeds, they can germinate and grow as volunteers in subsequent crops, sometimes causing management challenges. Here is an informative description of volunteer triticale:

Description:

  1. Plant Structure:

    • Size: Volunteer triticale can vary in height depending on the specific variety and growing conditions.
    • Growth Form: It generally has an erect growth habit with leaves arranged along the stems.

  2. Leaves:

    • Blades: The leaves are linear and typically have a similar appearance to those of wheat or rye.

  3. Inflorescence (Seed Head):

    • Spike:* Volunteer triticale produces seed heads, or spikes, containing individual florets.

  4. Identification:

    • Leaf Characteristics: Volunteer triticale leaves may resemble those of wheat or rye, and a careful examination of leaf characteristics may aid in identification.
    • Seed Heads: The seed heads can be a key identifier, but they may still resemble those of wheat or rye.

Management:

Managing volunteer triticale is important to prevent competition with the desired crops and to maintain effective crop rotations. Here are some management strategies:

  1. Cultural Control:

    • Crop Rotation: Rotating to non-cereal crops for a season can break the cycle of volunteer triticale.
    • Timely Harvest: Harvesting crops on time can reduce the likelihood of volunteer seeds entering the soil.

  2. Mechanical Control:

    • Mowing or Cutting: Regular mowing or cutting can prevent the production of seeds by volunteer triticale.

  3. Chemical Control:

    • Herbicides: In certain situations, the use of herbicides specific to grassy weeds may be considered. Consult with agricultural experts for appropriate recommendations.

  4. Prevention:

    • Clean Equipment: Ensuring that equipment used in fields with volunteer triticale is cleaned thoroughly before moving to other areas can prevent the unintentional spread of seeds.

Note: Identification and management strategies may vary depending on local conditions, the specific triticale variety, and the crops grown in the rotation. Consulting with local agricultural extension services or agronomists can provide more tailored advice based on the specific circumstances.