Bird's eye spot

Spilocaea oleaginea

Olive plants are the only known host of the pathogen, which is able to infect all olive cultivars, although different cultivars vary in their susceptibility. Young leaves are more likely to develop greater symptoms than intermediate or old leaves.

In late spring, dark spots appear on the upper surface of leaf cuticles in the low canopy.These spots are lesions produced by the infecting fungus, and later are the site of sporulation. Symptoms may also appear on the stem and fruit, but are most common on the leaf surface. As the season progresses, the dark spots grow to a size of between 0.1 and 0.5 inches (0.25 and 1.27 cm) in diameter, with the emergence of a yellow halo around each spot.Plants may experience defoliation and in severe cases twig death. Blooms may also fail, resulting in significant reductions to crop production