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Betanal Turbo is a selective herbicide for post-emergence use on many annual broadleaved weeds in sugar beet, fodder beet and mangels.

Betanal Turbo is an advanced EC co-formulation of desmedipham and phenmedipham as a 1:1 ratio. The combination of these two actives in Betanal Turbo provides robust contact activity against a broad-spectrum of weeds and, when tank-mixed with a residual partner, offer you a flexible weed control solution.

DIRECTIONS FOR USE
IMPORTANT: This information is approved as part of the Product Label. All instructions within this section must be read carefully in order to obtain safe and successful use of this product.

Betanal Turbo is a selective herbicide for post-emergence use on sugar beet, fodder beet and mangels. As Betanal Turbo is a contact material, its activity is not affected by soil type and it may be used on all soils, including fen peats. Betanal Turbo is recommended for low volume overall spraying in a planned spray programme and can follow an Approved pre-emergence herbicide and / or Approved post-emergence herbicide treatment(s) used at doses recommended for low dose programmes.

RESTRICTIONS
Crop Tolerance
Under certain conditions sugar beet, fodder beet and mangels are susceptible to checks by herbicides which are normally considered safe. Betanal Turbo should not be used where crops are under stress from previous herbicide applications, insect attack, nutrient deficiency or where frost, low or high temperatures or wind damage may predispose the crop to a check, or where rolling or harrowing has been carried out within 7 days.
Fodder beet or mangels must not be grazed by livestock or harvested for animal consumption until at least 35 days following the last application of Betanal Turbo.

WEEDS CONTROLLED
Effect on weeds
Betanal Turbo is absorbed by the leaves of emerged weeds and the susceptible species are killed by its scorching action. Betanal Turbo has no residual action.
The effects of spraying can be seen within 2-3 days in warm weather, or up to 10 days after application in cold conditions.
A single application of Betanal Turbo is seldom sufficient to achieve adequate season long weed control.

Weeds susceptible at expanded cotyledon stage* to a series of well-timed Betanal Turbo low volume sprays:
Weeds Controlled (depending on correct dose and timing)
Black-bindweed, Common poppy, Knotgrass, Black nightshade, Corn marigold, Mayweeds,Bugloss, Corn spurry, Pale persicaria,Charlock, Fat-hen, Red dead-nettle, Common chickweed, Field forget-me-not, Redshank, Common fumitory, Field pansy, Scarlet pimpernel, Common field speedwell, Field pennycress, Shepherd’s purse, Common hemp-nettle, Groundsel, Small nettle, Common orache, Ivy-leaved speedwell, Wild radish (runch).
*Any early germinating susceptible weeds beyond the cotyledon stage when sprayed may not be killed by the first treatment, but will usually be checked and then controlled by later applications.

Weeds whose control is less reliable from repeat applications at low volume (expanded cotyledon stage unless otherwise stated):
Annual meadow-grass (GS11), Cleavers, Clover, Fool’s parsley, Geranium spp., Other annual grass weeds and perennial weeds are not controlled by Betanal Turbo low volume sequences.

CROP SPECIFIC INFORMATION
All commercially grown varieties of sugar beet, fodder beet and mangels may be treated with Betanal Turbo, or with Betanal Turbo mixtures.

Volume
80 to 100 litres of water per hectare.
Do NOT exceed this volume. To do so may result in crystallisation and nozzle blockage.

Spray Quality
Betanal Turbo should be applied overall as a FINE quality spray (for details see “Boom Sprayers Handbook” published by BCPC).
The required spray quality can be achieved by selecting an appropriate combination of nozzles, pressure and forward speed. Fan or hollow cone nozzles which have an output of 0.3 to 0.6 litres per minute at 3 bar have been found to be suitable. Fan nozzles must have at least an 80° spray angle.
F80 -110 / 0.3-0.6 / 3
HC - / 0.3-0.6 / 3
Even cover with a FINE quality spray is essential for good results. Take care to avoid overlapping.

Drift
Avoid drift to areas outside those being sprayed, having due regard to the prevailing weather conditions and spray quality being used.
The risk of drift is greater when a FINE quality spray, as recommended for this product, is used.

TIMING
Betanal Turbo can be safely applied to healthy crops at any stage of crop growth. See COMPATIBILITY AND SEQUENCES for timing of Betanal Turbo mixtures.
The first Betanal Turbo application should be made when the earliest germinating weeds have reached the fully expanded cotyledon stage.
This is essential on organic soils and on mineral soils where a pre-emergence treatment has not been applied. On mineral soils, where a pre-emergence spray has been used, the first Betanal Turbo spray may be delayed until the first flush of weeds reaches cotyledon stage.
Where a pre-emergence treatment has been applied as a band spray, it will be necessary to time the first post-emergence Betanal Turbo low volume treatment according to the size of weeds present between the rows where there is no pre-emergence effect.
Further Betanal Turbo sprays must be applied as each new flush of weeds reaches cotyledon stage.
Successful results from a low volume programme are achieved by applying each spray when the previous one is still showing an effect on the weeds, but a minimum of 7 days must elapse between treatments.

Latest time of application
Before crop foliage meets between the rows.

SPRAY OPERATORS INSTRUCTIONS
1. Wash out the sprayer, spray bars and nozzles to ensure that no trace remains of previous products. This is most important after hormone and sulfonyl urea weed killers. Contaminated hoses should be replaced by new hoses. NB All hose connections must be secured with hose clips.
2. Check that nozzle tips are clean, undamaged, of the correct type to give a FINE quality spray, and are all of the same size, giving equal spray outputs and distribution.
3. Add only a small quantity of clean water to the tank, just sufficient to cover the inlet to the pump. Check that the agitation is operating correctly. (See COMPATIBILITY AND SEQUENCES for any special instructions for preparing tank-mixes.) Add the necessary quantity of Betanal Turbo to the water in the sprayer, whilst the agitator is operating. Mix only sufficient chemical for immediate use.
4. Add water to the required level. Continue agitation until the tank load is used. Ensure that the spray nozzles are set at the correct height to give even spray cover. Commence spraying, being careful to maintain correct pressure and tractor speed. Avoid overdosing or drift onto neighbouring crops.
5. After each day’s work, drain the sprayer, wash thoroughly with water and liquid detergent and spray out completely. Ensure that all liquid is removed from the sprayer tank, pump and hoses. Remove nozzles, open tank and drain pump to allow free access of air to all parts of the system.

COMPATIBILITY AND SEQUENCES
Application of Betanal Turbo with adjuvant oils or insecticides may cause an increase in crop damage from which the crop will usually recover quickly.

Compatibility
Betanal Turbo is compatible with any one of the following:
Dow Shield™400 (see directions below).
Metamitron - Goltix WG MAPP 11539, Goltix Flowable MAPP 12851 (see directions below)
Ethofumesate (approved SC formulations) ‡
Venzar Flowable.
‡ this mixture must not be applied more than twice to a single crop.
Any of the mixture treatments listed below will replace a Betanal Turbo low volume treatment in the weed control programme.
The application requirements of the mixtures listed below are the same as those for Betanal Turbo alone. Before use of any mixture, users should consult and comply with the directions and precautions shown in the label of the admixed product.

Betanal Turbo + metamitron
For improved control and residual activity metamitron may be added to Betanal Turbo applications in a low volume post-emergence programme.

Timing
Betanal Turbo and metamitron must be sprayed when the weeds are small (cotyledon to first true leaf stage) at any time after the crop has reached the fully expanded cotyledon stage.
The mixture may be used up to three times in the crop.

Dose Betanal Turbo 0.75 L/ha
plus metamitron 1.5 kg or L/ha

metamitron should be thoroughly dispersed in the spray tank one third full of water before adding Betanal Turbo and filling to the mark. Continue agitation whilst spraying.

Betanal Turbo + Dow Shield 400
For the control of creeping thistle and mayweeds larger than cotyledon size (up to 4 leaves) Dow Shield 400 may be added to a Betanal Turbo application.

Timing
From crop fully expanded cotyledon, as required for Dow Shield.

Dose Betanal Turbo 1 L/ha
plus Dow Shield 400 0.25 L/ha

Thistles require a second treatment with Dow Shield 400 (see Dow Agrosciences literature).

When preparing the tank-mix, add the required quantity of Betanal Turbo to a small quantity of clean water in the tank. When the Betanal Turbo is thoroughly dispersed, add the Dow Shield 400 and fill the sprayer with water to the required level, continue agitation whilst spraying.

Betanal Turbo + ethofumesate ‡
Where a recommended pre-emergence herbicide has been applied and further spraying has been unavoidably delayed resulting in weeds beyond the cotyledon stage (up to 3-4 leaves), improved control and residual activity may be obtained by adding ethofumesate to a Betanal Turbo application.
‡ Ethofumesate approved SC formulations .This mixture must not be applied more than twice to a single crop.

Timing
From crop fully expanded cotyledon.

Dose Betanal Turbo 0.75 L/ha
plus ethofumesate 0.4 L/ha
at the crop fully expanded cotyledon stage
Betanal Turbo 0.75 L/ha
plus ethofumesate 0.6 L/ha
from crop 2 leaves fully expanded

When preparing the tank-mix, add the required quantity of Betanal Turbo to a small quantity of clean water in the tank. When the Betanal Turbo is thoroughly dispersed, add the ethofumesate and fill the sprayer with water to the required level.

Betanal Turbo + Venzar Flowable
For improved control of certain weeds e.g. knotgrass, and residual activity, Venzar Flowable may be added to Betanal Turbo applications in a low volume postemergence programme.

Timing
From crop fully expanded cotyledon.

Dose Betanal Turbo 0.75 L/ha
plus Venzar Flowable 0.4 L/ha

When preparing the tank-mix, add the required quantity of Betanal Turbo to a small quantity of clean water in the tank. When the Betanal Turbo is thoroughly dispersed, add the Venzar Flowable and fill the sprayer with water to the required level.

Sequences
Programmes with pre-emergence treatments.
Betanal Turbo and Betanal Turbo mixtures may be used as part of a planned programme after the use of the following pre-emergence treatments at commercially recommended doses:
Approved ethofumesate mixtures, Pyramin, DF, Magnum, Goltix WG, or Venzar Flowable.
Betanal Turbo and Betanal Turbo mixtures are NOT recommended after other herbicides or mixtures not mentioned above.

Programmes with post-emergence treatments for broad-leaved weeds.
Betanal Turbo may be used as part of a planned programme after the use of approved post-emergence treatments at commercially recommended doses.

Sequences with grass herbicides.
Betanal Turbo may be used in sequence with grass herbicides. Refer to graminicide product literature for recommended intervals.

COMPANY ADVISORY INFORMATION

Soil Type
Betanal Turbo may be used on all soil types.

Factors Affecting Crop Tolerance
Several factors may affect the tolerance of the crop to Betanal Turbo especially when used in mixtures. These factors may individually appear to have little effect but they may be important when two or more are operating at the same time. Where the crop is under stress, application of Betanal Turbo can lead to crop check from which it may not fully recover and some loss of crop may occur. These factors may have more effect where the crop is suffering check from an earlier herbicide treatment.

Application of Betanal Turbo is not recommended when the crop is suffering from stress.
Stress can be caused by a number of circumstances, the most important of which are as follows:-
Nutrient deficiency such as manganese.
Soil acidity.
Substantial day to night temperature fluctuations.
Periods of low temperature or frost.
High light intensity (i.e. full sunlight - May to June).
Wind or hail damage.
Pest or fungal attack.
Temperature above 21°C (70° F) on the day of spraying.

When the temperature is, or is likely to be, above 21°C (70°F) on the day of spraying, application of Betanal Turbo should be made after 5pm otherwise crop check may occur.

Sprayer Materials
Hosing, particularly of non-reinforced PVC, may swell or soften after prolonged contact with Betanal Turbo. Wherever possible, use reinforced PVC or synthetic rubber hoses. Clips must be used on all hose unions. Softening and swelling is minimised by draining and washing thoroughly with water and liquid detergent immediately after use. The hoses should be drained and left open to the air.

Storage
Store well away from seeds, fertilisers and animal feedingstuffs, out of direct sunlight in a safe, dry place designated as an agrochemical store.

RESISTANCE
Certain weeds may develop resistance to Bayer CropScience Ltd.’s products. Since such circumstances are beyond our control, Bayer CropScience will be under no liability for any resulting loss or damage whatsoever.