Fluopicolide 4 SCPlant Protection Product ComparisonPlant Protection Product ComparisonReport inaccuraciesReport inaccuracies

RESISTANCE MANAGEMENT RECOMMENDATIONS
For resistance management, Fluopicolide 4 SC Fungicide contains a Group 43 fungicide. Any fungal population may contain or develop individuals naturally resistant to Fluopicolide 4 SC Fungicide and other Group 43 fungicides. The resistant biotypes may dominate the population if these fungicides are used repeatedly in the same field. A gradual or total loss of pest control may occur over time if these fungicides are used repeatedly in the same fields. Other resistance mechanisms that are not linked to site of action, but specific for individual chemicals, such as enhanced metabolism, may also exist. Appropriate resistance-management strategies should be followed.
To delay fungicide resistance: Where possible, rotate the use of Fluopicolide 4 SC Fungicide or other Group 43 fungicides with different fungicide groups that control the same pathogens. Use tank mixtures with fungicides from a different group when such use is permitted. Fungicide use should be based on an integrated disease management program that includes scouting, historical information related to pesticide use and crop rotationand considers host plant resistance, impact of environmental conditions on disease development, disease thresholds, as well as cultural, biological and other chemical control practices. Monitor treated fungal populations for resistance development. Notify Valent Canada if reduced sensitivity of the pathogen to Fluopicolide 4 SC Fungicide is suspected. If disease continues to progress after treatment with this product, do not increase the use rate. Discontinue use of this product, and switch to another fungicide with a different target site of action, if available. 5 Where possible, make use of predictive disease models to effectively time fungicide applications. Contact your local extension specialist or certified crop advisor for any additional pesticide resistance-management and/or or integrated disease-management recommendations for specific crops and pathogens. 

GENERAL INFORMATION
The active ingredient in Fluopicolide 4 SC Fungicide is fluopicolide. Fluopicolide 4 SC Fungicide exhibits protective, curative, eradicative and antisporulant activity. Fluopicolide is locally systemic, translaminar and also moves systemically via xylem tissue Fluopicolide 4 SC Fungicide is most effective when applied in a regularly scheduled spray program and used in combination and rotation with other effective fungicides that have a different mode of action (i.e., non group 43 fungicides).

GENERAL RESTRICTIONS AND LIMITATIONS
Fluopicolide 4 SC Fungicide must be tank mixed with another product (that is registered for use against the diseases and crops listed on this label) for resistance management. Consult the label of the tank-mix partner for rates, timing of application, re-cropping restrictions, grazing interval restrictions, directions for use and precautions. Always follow the more restrictive label.
Not for use on greenhouse vegetables.
Apply only when the potential for drift to areas of human habitation or areas of human activity such as houses, cottages, schools and recreational areas is minimal. Take into consideration wind speed, wind direction, temperature inversions, application equipment and sprayer settings.
When applying by air, observe drift management restrictions and precautions. Best control is achieved through ground application.
Do not apply this product using fogging equipment (handheld or automated) or using handheld mist blowers/airblast equipment.

MODE OF ACTION
Fluopicolide 4 SC Fungicide is active against selective oomycetes, as specified on this label. It exhibits the typical mode of action of specific systemic fungicides against oomycete fungi affecting several steps in the reproduction cycle. Biochemical studies have shown that fluopicolide has an effect on spectrin-like proteins, believed to play a role in maintaining the membrane stability in ascomycete fungi or oomycetes, especially during hyphal tip extension. Microscopy studies demonstrate that fluopicolide induces a quick redistribution of these proteins from the membrane to the cytoplasm in both hyphae and zoospores.

RAINFASTNESS
Foliar sprays are rainfast 2 hours after application. Do not apply for foliar disease control if measurable rain is expected within 2 hours of application or foliar disease control may be reduced.

SPRAYER PREPARATION
Before applying Fluopicolide 4 SC Fungicide, start with clean, well maintained application equipment. The spray tank, hoses and booms must be cleaned to ensure no residue from the previous spraying operation remains in the sprayer. The spray equipment must be cleaned according to the manufacturer's directions for the last product used before the equipment is used to apply Fluopicolide 4 SC Fungicide. If two or more products were tank mixed prior to Fluopicolide 4 SC Fungicide application, the most restrictive cleanup procedure should be followed.

MIXING INSTRUCTIONS
1. Fill clean spray tank 1/2 to 2/3 of desired level with clean water.
2. While agitating, slowly add the Fluopicolide 4 SC Fungicide to the spray tank. Agitation should create a rippling or rolling action on the water surface.
3. When tank mixing Fluopicolide 4 SC Fungicide with other labeled pesticides, add water soluble packets first, followed by dry formulations, flowables, emulsifiable concentrates and then solutions.
4. Add any required adjuvants.
5. Fill spray tank to desired level with water. Agitation should continue until all spray solution has been applied.
As this pesticide is not registered for the control of pests in aquatic systems, DO NOT use to control aquatic pests.
DO NOT contaminate irrigation or drinking water supplies or aquatic habitats by cleaning of equipment or disposal of wastes.

SPRAYER CLEANUP
Spray equipment must be cleaned following application of Fluopicolide 4 SC Fungicide. After Fluopicolide 4 SC Fungicide is applied, the following steps must be used to clean the spray equipment:
1. Completely drain the spray tank, rinse the sprayer thoroughly, including the inside and outside of the tank and all in-line screens.
2. Fill the spray tank with clean water and flush all hoses, booms, screens and nozzles.
3. Drain tank completely.
4. Remove all nozzles and screens and rinse them in clean water.
5. The rinsate solution may be applied to the turf and ornamentals as recommended on this label. Do not exceed the maximum labeled use rate. If cleaners are used, consult the cleaner label for disposal instructions. If no instructions are given, dispose of rinsate at an approved waste disposal facility.

APPLICATION EQUIPMENT
Application equipment must be clean and in good repair. Nozzles should be frequently checked for accuracy.

CARRIER VOLUME
Apply Fluopicolide 4 SC Fungicide in sufficient water to ensure thorough coverage of foliage, bloom, and fruit. Thorough coverage is required for optimal disease control. For ground application, apply a minimum of 200 litres of spray mixture per hectare and for aerial application, apply a minimum of 50 litres of spray mixtures per hectare to ensure thorough coverage.

AERIAL APPLICATIONT
To minimize drift, apply the largest droplet size consistent with uniform coverage and satisfactory disease control. To obtain satisfactory application and avoid drift, the following directions must be observed:
Do not apply during low-level inversion conditions, when winds are gusty or under other conditions that favour drift. Do not spray when wind velocity is less than 3 km/h or more than 16 km/h.
Carrier Volume and Spray Pressure:
Application at less than 50 litres per hectare may provide inadequate coverage and control. The higher gallonage applications generally afford more consistent disease control. Do not exceed the nozzle manufacturer’s recommended pressures. For many nozzle types, lower pressure produces larger droplets. When higher flow rates are needed, use higher flow rate nozzles instead of increasing pressure.
Nozzle Selection and Orientation:
Formation of very small drops may be minimized by appropriate nozzle selection, by orienting nozzles away from the air stream as much as possible and by avoiding excessive spray pressure. Use nozzles that produce flat fan or cone spray patterns. Use non-drip type nozzles, such as diaphragm type nozzles, to avoid unwanted discharge of spray solution. The nozzles must be directed toward the rear of the aircraft, producing a spray discharge at an angle between 0 and 15° downward. Do not place nozzles on the outer 25% of the wings or rotors.
Adjuvants and Drift Control Additives:
Refer to tank mix partner’s label for adjuvant recommendation. Drift control additives may be used although it is better to obtain coarser sprays through appropriate nozzle selection and use wherever possible. When a drift control additive is used, read and carefully observe the cautionary statements and all other information appearing on the additive label, and be certain of compatibility with the tank mix and nozzle types being used before selecting any adjuvant types.
Field sprayer application: DO NOT apply during periods of dead calm. Avoid application of this product when winds are gusty. DO NOT apply with spray droplets smaller than the American Society of Agricultural Engineers (ASAE) medium classification. Boom height must be 60 cm or less above the crop or ground.
Airblast application: DO NOT apply during periods of dead calm. Avoid application of this product when winds are gusty. DO NOT direct spray above plants to be treated. Turn off outward pointing nozzles at row ends and outer rows. DO NOT apply when wind speed is greater than 16 km/h at the application site as measured outside of the treatment area on the upwind side.
Aerial application: DO NOT apply during periods of dead calm. Avoid application of this product 8 when winds are gusty. DO NOT apply when wind speed is greater than 16 km/h at flying height at the site of application. DO NOT apply with spray droplets smaller than the American Society of Agricultural Engineers (ASAE) medium classification. To reduce drift caused by turbulent wingtip vortices, the nozzle distribution along the spray boom length MUST NOT exceed 65% of the wing or rotorspan.

Buffer zones:
Use of the following spray methods or equipment DO NOT require a buffer zone: hand-held or backpack sprayer and spot treatment. The buffer zones specified in the table below are required between the point of direct application and the closest downwind edge of sensitive terrestrial habitats (such as grasslands, forested areas, shelter belts, woodlots, hedgerows, riparian areas and shrublands), sensitive freshwater habitats (such as lakes, rivers, sloughs, ponds, prairie potholes, creeks, marshes, streams, reservoirs and wetlands) and estuarine/marine habitats.
For tank mixes, consult the labels of the tank-mix partners and observe the largest (most restrictive) buffer zone of the products involved in the tank mixture and apply using the coarsest spray (ASAE) category indicated on the labels for those tank mix partners.

ROTATIONAL RESTRICTIONS
The following rotational crops may be planted after applying Fluopicolide 4 SC Fungicide at the labeled rate. Rotation to all other crops is prohibited.

SPECIFIC DIRECTIONS FOR USE – ALL CROPS
When to Apply:
Begin application when crop and/or environmental conditions favour disease development. Make applications on a 7 to 14 day interval, depending on disease pressure. Under severe disease pressure or if rain is expected, use the higher labeled rate and shortest interval. Apply as a foliar spray in sufficient water to obtain thorough coverage.
Resistance Management:
Fluopicolide 4 SC Fungicide must be used as a part of an integrated pest management (IPM) program. Fluopicolide 4 SC Fungicide must be applied as a foliar spray in a tank mix with another labeled fungicide product with a different mode of action on the same target pathogen.
Restrictions and Limitations
The maximum Fluopicolide 4 SC Fungicide application rate is 292 mL per hectare and 880 mL per hectare per season. Apply no more than 2 sequential applications of Fluopicolide 4 SC Fungicide before alternating with an effective fungicide from a different resistance management group. Do not make more than 4 applications of Fluopicolide 4 SC Fungicide per season.