Frogeye leaf spot
Cercospora sojina
Cercospora sojina is a fungal pathogen that causes frogeye leaf spot, a common and economically significant disease in soybean (Glycine max) crops. Here's an informative description of Cercospora sojina, including its appearance, identification, and management:
1. Symptoms:
- Leaf Lesions: Frogeye leaf spot symptoms typically begin as small, round, dark lesions with a reddish-brown to purplish margin.
- Lesion Expansion: Lesions can expand, becoming larger and developing a gray to tan center with a darker border, resembling a "frogeye" appearance.
- Leaf Yellowing: Surrounding the lesions, yellowing of the leaf tissue may occur, contributing to the characteristic appearance.
2. Disease Cycle:
- Overwintering: The fungus can overwinter on infected crop debris.
- Infection: In the spring, spores (conidia) produced on infected residues or other infected plants initiate new infections.
- Spread: The disease can spread through rain splashes, wind, and agricultural practices.
- Secondary Infections: Secondary infections may occur during the growing season, and the fungus may produce more spores.
3. Identification:
- Distinctive Lesions: Identification often begins with the observation of distinctive round lesions with a gray to tan center and a darker border.
- Frogeye Appearance: The characteristic "frogeye" appearance, with concentric rings of color, is a key identifier.
- Leaf Yellowing: Yellowing around lesions further aids in identification.
4. Management:
- Resistant Varieties: Planting soybean varieties that are resistant or less susceptible to frogeye leaf spot is a key management strategy.
- Fungicide Applications: Fungicides can be applied preventively or curatively to manage the disease. Application timing is crucial, and a rotation of different fungicide classes helps reduce the risk of resistance development.
- Crop Rotation: Avoiding consecutive cultivation of soybeans in the same field can help reduce the pathogen's survival.
- Residue Management: Proper management of crop residues, including plowing under infected residues, can reduce the inoculum.









