D50

IMPORTANT INFORMATION
FOR USE ONLY AS AN AGRICULTURAL, ORCHARD AND AMENTIY AREA HERBICIDE.

Winter wheat, winter and spring rye
Maximum individual dose: 2.5 l/ha
Maximum total doe: 2.5 l/ha
Latest Time Of Application: Before first node detectable stage

Spring wheat, winter and spring barley, winter oats
Maximum individual dose: 2.0 l/ha
Maximum total dose: 2.0 l/ha
Latest Time Of Application: Before first node detectable stage

Wheat, barley, rye (undersown with grass)
Maximum individual dose: 1.0 l/ha
Maximum total doe: 1.0 l/ha
Latest Time Of Application: Before first node detectable stage

Grassland
Maximum individual dose: 3.3 l/ha
Maximum total doe: 3.3 l/ha
Latest Time Of Application: Before the crop is 25 cm high

Amenity grassland and managed amenity turf
Maximum individual dose: 3.3 l/ha
Maximum total doe: 9.9 l/ha

Apple (around), pear (around)
Maximum individual dose: 2.8 l/ha
Maximum total doe: 2.8 l/ha

Additional Safety Phrases
Do not contaminate water with the product or its container. (Do not clean application equipment near surface water/Avoid contamination via drains from farmyards and roads.)

DIRECTIONS FOR USE
IMPORTANT: This information is approved as part of the Product Label. All instructions within this section must be read carefully in order to obtain safe and successful use of this product.

RESTRICTIONS
DO NOT use D50 on the seedbed before sowing any crop.
DO NOT sow any crop into soil treated with D50 for at least three months after application.
DO NOT graze grass for at least 14 days after spraying.
DO NOT mow or roll four days before or after application. The first four mowings after treatment must be composted for at least six months before use.
DO NOT treat newly established grass or turf less than one year old.
DO NOT treat grass or turf suffering from stress caused by drought, frost, disease or other adverse factors.
DO NOT roll or harrow crops for seven days either before or after application of D50.

WEEDS CONTROLLED
Apply when the majority of annual weeds are at the seedling* stage. For the control of perennial weeds in established grassland, the best results are obtained if spraying is carried out shortly before flowering. Whilst spraying at this late stage will not give complete control of annual weeds, it may effectively check most of the species mentioned. A second application may be necessary to provide an adequate level of weed control on amenity grassland and managed amenity turf.

* Seedling = Fully expanded cotyledons to two expanded true leaves.

Cereals
Dose: 700 ml
Charlock, Black Mustard
These weeds will be completely or almost completely killed when applications are made in the cotyledon to early flower-bud stage

Dose 1.4 l/ha
Fat hen, Treacle Mustard, White Mustard, Field Pennycress, Hairy Tare
These weeds will be completely or almost completely killed when applications are made in the cotyledon to early flower-bud stage

Corn Buttercup, Small Nettle, Wild Runch Radish, Sheherd’s Purse
These weeds will be completely or almost completely killed when applications are made in the cotyledon up to two leaf stage or moderately susceptible at four leaves to early flower-bud stage

Field Forgetme-not, Comon Poppy, Prickly Sowthistle, Smooth Sowthistle, Wild Turnip
These weeds will be moderately susceptible (with or without mortality) when applications are made in the cotyledon up to two leaf stage or moderately resistant at four leaves to early flower-bud stage

Black Bindweed, Bugloss, Viper’s Bugloss, Common Chickweed, Dove’s-foot Cranesbill, Common Fumitory, Filed Gromwell, Groundsel, Knotgrass, Common Muse-ear, Black Nightshade, Pale Persicaria, Scarlet Pimpernel, Redshand, Shepherd’s needle, Common Field Speedwell, Green Field Speedwell, Ivy-Leaved Speedwell, Wall Speedwell, Sun Spurge
These weeds will be moderately resistant when applications are made in the cotyledon up to two leaf stage or resistant at four leaves to early flower-bud stage

Dose 2.0 l/ha
Common Oracle, Common Poppy, Smooth Sowthisle
These weeds will be susceptible when applications are made in the cotyledon up to four leaf stage or moderately resistant at six leaves to early flower-bud stage

Knotgrass, Scentless Mayweed
These weeds will be moderately resistant when applications are made in the cotyledon up to two leaf stage or resistant at four leaves to early flower-bud stage

Dose 2.0 – 2.5 l/ha
Creeping Thistle (Aerial Growth Only)
These weeds will be susceptible when applications are made in the cotyledon up to early flower-bud stage

Hoary cress – Good control of this perennial weed can be achieved by treatment in winter cereal crops over two successive seasons using 1.6–1.8 l/ha dose of D50. Apply after the shoots are up to 25–150 mm high but before flowering.

Amenity grassland and managed amenity turf
Dose 2.8 l/ha
Creeping Buttercup, Mouse-ear Hawkweed, Plantains, Thrift
These weeds are consistently killed by one application

Heath Bedstraw, Bulbous Buttercup, Cat’s ear, Common Chickweed, Daisy, Dandelion, Curled Dock, Rough Hawkbit, Smooth Hawk’s-beard, Marsh Pennywort, Sea-milkwort, Common Sorrel, Sheep’s Sorrel, Common Stork’s Bill, Sea Stork’s bill, Dwarf Thistle
Sometimes killed by one application but may require a second treatment to give complete control

Lesser Celandine, Common Mouse-ear, Procumbent Pearlwort, Self heal, Yarrow
Some effect from one application, but two applications required to give a useful level of control

Dose 3.3 l/ha
Common Ragwort
Moderately susceptible. Sometimes killed by one application but may require further treatment to give complete control. Treatment will normally kill plants at all stages of growth up to early bud stage. For best levels of control, treat in April–June when rosettes are growing strongly but before flower buds are well formed.

Agricultural grassland (including grass floors under apple and pear trees)
Dose: 2.8 l.ha
Creeping Buttercup, Autumn Hawkbit, Rough Hawk’s-beard, Greater Plantain, Hoary Plantain, Ribwort Plantain, Thyme-leaved Sandwort
These weeds are susceptible at all stages of growth up to the beginning of flowering with good control of shoots and roots in established plants

Bulbous Buttercup, Broadleaved Dock
Seedlings and shoots are susceptible but established plants in grassland will not be controlled

Dandelion, Curled Dock, Common Nettle, Soft rush, Creeping Thistle
Seedlings and shoots are susceptible but only aerial growth of established plants is usually controlled

Spear Thistle
Seedlings are susceptible but only aerial growth of established plants is usually controlled

Red Bartsia, Hedge Bindweed, Lesser Burdock, Meadow Buttercup, Cat’s Ear, Chicory Hoary Cress, Daisy, Clustered Dock, Common Fleabane, Goatsbeard, Rough Hawkib, Smooth Hawk’s beard, Mouse-ear Hawkweed, Large Flowered Hemp-nettle, Common Kanpweed, Annual Knawel, Purple Losetrife, Mugwort, Bristly Oxtongue, Buck’s horn Plantain
These weeds are well controlled in the seedling or shoot stage with useful suppression or death of aerial parts at later growth stages

Horse Radish, Field Scabious, Self-heal, Musk Thistle, Thorn Apple, Common Vetch, Tufted Vetch
These weeds are well controlled in the seedling or shoot stage with useful suppression or death of aerial parts at later growth stages

Field Horsetail, Marsh Horsetail
Only controls shoots which are well developed (preferably about 30 cm high). Control of established plants is variable. Re-growth will occur in following season. Use 2.8 l/ha and spray when growing well in May or early June. Top growth is removed or considerably reduced for the season of treatment. In grassland for hay or silage, shoot kill may be obtained by using 2.0 l/ha two weeks before cutting.

Commn Sorrel, Sheep’s Sorrel, Perennial Sowthistle
Provides useful contrl of shoots only

Dose: 3.3 l/ha
Application rate of 3.3 l/ha is not permissible around apple and pear trees for the control of Common ragwort, although a maximum individual dose and maximum total dose of 2.8 l/ha is permitted.
Field Bindweed*, Common Ragwort**
Moderately susceptible. Aerial growth usually killed and a useful measure of long term control obtained under suitable conditions.
*In order to obtain maximum effect in the year after treatment, spraying should be delayed until shoots are well developed.
**Treatment will normally kill plants at all stages of growth up to early bud stage. For best levels of control, treat in April–June when rosettes are growing strongly but before flower buds are well formed.

Ragwort control
Dose
Agricultural grassland: D50 at 2.8 l/ha + Agritox 50 (PCS No. 03505) at 2.0 l/ha.
Do not apply 2.8 l/ha D50 alone as this will not give reliable control of Ragwort.
Timing
Agricultural grassland (including grass floors under apple and pear trees), amenity grassland and managed amenity turf.
Spray when the majority of plants are in the rosette stage and growing vigorously in the autumn or spring but before the flower spines start to grow. D50 should be applied in good growing conditions. Treatment of Ragwort should always be part of a programme and repeat application may be necessary together with removal of any flower heads in the summer to reduce seed return to the soil. Fields for hay or silage the following spring should be sprayed in the preceding autumn. Fields to be grazed should be treated in the spring.
NOTE: It is important that all livestock are kept out of treated areas for at least two weeks following treatment and until the Ragwort has died and become unpalatable.

CROP SPECIFIC INFORMATION
Winter wheat, winter and spring rye
Dose: 0.7 – 2.5 l/ha
Maximum Total dose: 2.5 per crop
Winter cereals: Apply in the spring from the leaf sheath erect stage but before the first node detectable stage
Spring cereals: Apply from the five leaf fully expanded stage but before the first node detectable stage

Winter and spring barley, winter oats, spring wheat
Dose: 0.7 – 2.0 l/ha
Maximum Total dose: 2.0 per crop
Winter cereals: Apply in the spring from the leaf sheath erect stage but before the first node detectable stage
Spring cereals: Apply from the five leaf fully expanded stage but before the first node detectable stage

Wheat, barley, rye (undersown with grass)
Dose: 1.0 l/ha
Maximum Total dose: 1.0 per crop
Apply in the spring following the same recommendations as for cereals
DO NOT spray with D50 before undersowing
Experience has shown that when weeds and cereals form a canopy, undersown crops may be safely treated using not more than 1.0 l/ha at low volume

Rotational and permanent grassland established for at least one year.
Do not use where clovers are an important part of the sward
Dose: 3.3 l/ha
Maximum Total dose: 3.3 per crop
Apply in spring to autumn at the optimum timing when grass density is low, such as after cutting or grazing, but when weeds are at a susceptible stage
Grassland may be treated with 2.8–3.3 l/ha of D50 according to the weeds present
Recommended rates are given in the WEED SUSCEPTIBILITY table for grassland

Grass floors under apple and pear orchards. The orchards must have established for at least one year
Do not apply directly to trees
Dose: 2.8 l/ha
Maximum Total dose: 2.8 per crop
Apply in spring or autumn when weeds are actively growing. Do not spray during blossom or whilst weeds are in flower. Use low pressure nozzles to avoid spray drift. Bramley Seedling, Emneth Early and Miller’s Seedling are particularly susceptible to spray drift. Pears are more susceptible to spray drift than apples and are particularly susceptible to damage via root uptake

Amenity grassland and managed amenity turf (established for at least one year)
Dose: 3.3 l/ha
Maximum Total dose: 9.9 l/ha per year
Apply in spring/summer or autumn when the growing conditions are favourable. Amenity grassland and managed amenity turf may be treated with 2.8–3.3 l/ha of D50. The expected levels of control are detailed in the WEED SUSCEPTIBILITY table for amenity uses
Some perennial weeds will need subsequent application in order to achieve adequate control. A follow up application may also be needed where new seedling weeds appear. An interval of four – six weeks should elapse between applications. Clovers will receive a check. Top dressing ten days before treatment is recommended to assist kill of weeds and subsequent recovery of the sward

See under ‘Weeds Controlled’ for specific application rates for individual weeds. D50 may be used on all varieties of the listed crops within the recommended growth stages.
DO NOT treat barley intended for malting, spring oats or any cereal mixture with peas or beans or other legumes.

Water volume
Apply in at least 110 litres of water per hectare. In grassland and turf, where weeds might be shielded by grasses, use 400 l/ha water. Refer to the table for special situation pertaining to grass floors under apples and pears.

MIXING AND SPRAYING
Before use ensure that the spraying equipment has been thoroughly cleaned. Half-fill the spray tank with clean water. With the contents of spray tank under re-circulation, add the measured quantities of D50 through the filter. Top up the tank with water to the required level and maintain re-circulation until the tank is sprayed out.
Apply the recommended quantity of D50 through a conventional hydraulic sprayer using a MEDIUM spray to cover the weed leaves evenly and thoroughly.
Avoid spray drift onto neighbouring crops and all broadleaved plants outside the target area. Do not spray in windy weather. Beets, all brassicas (including oilseed rape, swedes and turnip) lettuce, sunflowers, onions, peas, potatoes, tomatoes, cucumbers, all fruit crops (including vines) and ornamentals are particularly susceptible to 2,4-D and may be damaged by spray drift.
After each day’s use, wash out with water and wetting agent. Wash out again with water, drain and allow to dry. Traces of herbicide left in the sprayer may damage susceptible crops if these are subsequently sprayed using the same equipment.

Hand-held applicators
Knapsack applicator
These may be used in orchards and grassland areas.
Example of use:
Examples for a 10 litre sprayer delivering 200 litres of spray per hectare:
Equivalent dose application rate: 2.8 l/ha
Sprayer size: 10 litres
Volume D50 (litres): 0.140
Volume water (litres): 9.860
Volume water: 500 m2

Equivalent dose application rate: 3.3 l/ha
Sprayer size: 10 litres
Volume D50 (litres): 0.165
Volume water (litres): 9.835
Volume water: 500 m2

WEATHER AND GROWING CONDITIONS
Apply to a dry crop when rain is not forecast for at least 12 hours. Optimum results are obtained when the weeds are actively growing under good soil and weather conditions. Reduced weed control may be obtained during drought or cold weather. If rain falls shortly after application, the effect of D50 may be reduced.

RESISTANCE MANAGEMENT
When herbicides with the same mode of action are used repeatedly over several years in the same field, selection of resistant biotypes can take place. These can propagate and may become dominating. A weed species is considered to be resistant to a herbicide if it survives a correctly applied treatment at the recommended dose. A strategy for preventing and managing such resistance should be adopted. This should include integrating herbicides with a programme of cultural control measures.